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Rh Movement among the trees shows that the enemy is advancing. Broken branches and trodden grass, as of the passing of a large host, must be regarded with suspicion.

The rising of birds shews an ambush.

Startled beasts shew that the enemy is stealthily approaching from several sides.

High, straight spurts of dust betoken that chariots are coming,

Long low masses of dust shew the coming of infantry.

Here and there, thin and high columns of dust are signs that firewood and fodder are being collected.

Small clouds of dust moving to and fro are signs that the enemy is preparing to encamp for a short time.

Busy preparations and smooth words shew that the enemy is about to advance to attack.

Big words, and a driving of chariots as if to the attack, are signs that the enemy is about to retire.

An advance of the light chariots to the flanks of the camp is a sign that the enemy is coming forth to fight.

Without consultation, suddenly to desire an armistice, is a mark of ulterior design.

The passing to and fro of messengers, and the forming up of troops, shew that the enemy has some movement on foot.