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, grammarian, philosopher, and poet, was born in Spain, in 1021 C.E. His classical style of verse replaced the language of the early Paitanim, and brought the sacred poetry of the Spanish-Arabian Jews towards its perfection. This  is a Sabbath morning hymn recited between Passover and Pentecost.

Stanza 1, line 6, "remnant tenth," Isaiah vi, 13; "shall cause man's strife to cease," Isaiah xix, 24.

Stanza 2, line 1, Lamentations v, 20.

Stanza 3, line 8, Song of Songs ii, 12.

Stanza 4, lines 7, 8, alludes to the persecutions suffered by the Jews under both the Crescent and the Cross.

Stanza 7, line 2, "Ariel," Isaiah xxix, 1, 2; line 4, Daniel xii; line 8, Isaiah, lix, 20; line 12, Psalm xc, 15.