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128 intensely developed tribal organization, varying in size and in dignity of descent. They had a keen sense of honour, with an elaborate traditional code; and their fidelity was proverbial. Under British protection, and with the sudden change to absolute peace from a chronic state of warfare, the natural deteriorations had ensued, and it was only by degrees that Lawrence learnt and appreciated their good characteristics. His first feeling was that of extreme disappointment at the degeneracy of the chiefs and Rájás. No longer given to warlike pursuits, and not yet guided in nobler directions, they had become addicted to a life of sensuality and debauchery; and the spirit that prevailed was not a pleasant one.

Sir Henry Lawrence succeeded Sir John Low, who was about to join Lord Dalhousie's Council as Military Member, and who left for Sir Henry a letter giving Lord Dalhousie's views on the proper conduct of the charge. So long as the Rájput rulers paid their tribute, and did not commit serious aggressions on each other, the internal administration of the States was not to be interfered with; improvements were of course desirable if they could be brought about by quiet and unobtrusive advice; but Lord Dalhousie was quite content with the general state of things.

But the general situation — the feeling throughout the States, in touch with the feelings of their chiefs — was anything but satisfactory. This Sir Henry did not realize at first. New as he was to the feudal sentiment, which pervaded the Province — to the bond