Page:Scientific American - Series 1 - Volume 001 - Issue 03.pdf/1



VOLUME I.

PORTER.

Bl( .aUFUS

CATALOGUE OF AMERICAN PATENTS


 * lRVIIRTIO •.

CLASS

By this illl'en�ion. every difficulty which has prevented the utility of the d iffe ren t kindi of rofuy steam cngines hitherto invented, is Mmpletely avoided. This steam-wheel h as no l'alve;';, and may be driven three thOll8,;l1d revolutions per minute, and the pressure of steam being equally applied to opposite sides, does IIOt weill' nor injure the pivots orbearilJgs. An engine capable of working ten horse powers, only requires a space six inches square! A sec­ tional view of this i n v enti o n is sho,.-n helow.

YOTIK,)

Eaell 111111.1 ... 1' will lu' fllrnislwd will! from two tn thl! llri)!illal "III!I';I'illg'�, IlHllly .. I" them ele­ "lint. 111111 illll�lralil"f' oj' .YOl" /II/'III/illns, SBien­ fiji,; P/"iH";l'l,"�' :lIIti ('"rilills II'/ld,,: nnd will .:;mtain, ill addilillll tli till' IIIII-t illl'·!"I·,.ting I�WS .,1' passiu!!: ,·n·III�. 1!·"II.·ra I nfl' ieT" "1' �he pro­ . gress of �lcchallicul uuJ uiber .... '·//!HtijiC Im­ provements; A me ric a n nnd }'ortligft I mpr?ve­ JJle n ts and Inventions; C ata logue s of A mencan Patents; S","utific Essays, JlIustl'a�ive of the p rinci ple s oftlle !lciences of M�chamcs, Ch em ­ . illtry' and Arenitecture ; . llseful ·llIformatlOn an � instruction in various �rts and Trades; CUrl­ ous PhilosOI)h�!••lExperimenh); l-li�ccIl8neous

Intelligence, Music aad Poctry. This paper is especially entitled to the tron age of Mechauics and Manufllctllrers;bel�lg . the only papcr in A merICo devote d til tlte I'll",,,,· l·la�"I'�: 1l!1l j, l'"rt;,·IIL.rly ust'­ 'er""'" .. fill I, ·, I:Irlll"r�, n> il will ".01 ""I., "I'l'l"l.ie tltem uf illll'l"I ,",·IlI,·"L- iii 1l�!"I"I"II l !lIr; d il:'1.I'·Il!"nti', but inRtI'I1(�1 ,IU'III in "arillll� ""","tll;,·,.1 I' ,,,Ies, and, ,, family "·uard tlll'lII 7ll!aill�1 illll'0�I'I"!':-' ,,-,·:·nl intelli­ ... "�pnllC.r, il. 'will (�"lI.;'y '""i'" I!'C>'J{'I' til ,·hildn·1I awl ."Oll:.:! )1"'.'1'1," lillm five

other time� its 1'0"t ill ""h"ol 111-'; II,', ;,,'. imporll1l1t arlllllllcllt ill lil'olll" 01' 1111" p'lper, is, thaI it will iii' worlh 1", ' .. :i.,r- '"� lit" end ·Qf thl' VPRr w l lC'lI tIll' 'Ohllll" 1.- ""1111':,'1,·. and :will prol;ahl .... (· ... lIl111IlIIC l lhal I'n,·O' II! ,.",1.. il'lVe may. ju�i",' li'om till' "il"l:I1I11.-':tll.·,· i 1",1 ,d, I . :Iumes of Ih,,":'t·' York Mechanl(", 11 II ... -;ell ... pditor, "'ill now command dOllhle- I";' ".,::,":o! "Ost. fUi'llish�d t'I!'Il,,;:�Th� h �'·"�!lli'i,· :11'-':';" ' :lIlvullee, 1:,1,.1)". _. ,, ' :, .. ,",.
 * � . .• t"cnttt'l"'" b.i ,!_

nlld the balance in �i,. lIIolltlJ:'. Five copi�. will be OtJlll to coue "".Ire. six ,,,,lutho, for tum (lalla ... in advan(·,>. ,uy p('r�l')n rl'nnlrin:[lw'-1 nt' mill'j'" "�b"erihc�, .., will btaen­

28th. Gin, cotton, in the roUer.-Richard Rey no lds jr., Beaufo rt, S. C., Feb. 20th. Gin, cottlJ1j, saw gin for grinding cotton.-E. Car­ ver, B ri dgew at er, Mass., April 4th, lind 1. H. Sher­ ard, L ivin gston, Ala., April 30th. Macl�ine for pressing hatll and bonnets.-Caleb Merritt, Baltimore, Md., March 13th. Improvement in the manufacture of hat••-lohn Maguire, Washington, D. C •• Dec. 7th. Hemp-breaker and cleaner.-C. B. Butler, Peters­ burg, Tenn. Jan 61h. Hemp and flax brake.-Aaron F. Bruce, Marshall, P.O., Mo., June 24th. New mode of heckli n g and spinning hemp.-Wm. Montgomery, Boston, 1ass., Feb. 20th. Pre pari ng and spinning hemp. -ll oses Day, Rox­ bury, Mass., rei ssued March 13. Loom for weaving fish-ncts,-J. Carr, J. Shan­ m o re, & Wm. Carr, Sunbury, Penn., Sept. 141h. Knittin g Loom.-R. Walker. and J. Mc'Intire P ortsm ou th. N. H., Feb. 120lh, and Pi erre E. Lad: rang, !!'ranc e; patent granled in F ran c e June Ist � 1843, ID U. S. Oct, 161h. 1844. Imllrovement in power loom.-James NieU, Taunton, Mass., May. 2btb. Loom, regulatin� the delivery of the warp from the warp beam.-'Vm. H. Bravton, Varren, R. I., . Jan. 6th. Retary temples for looms.-Tiaac C. Lane, Wal­ tham, Masll., March 26th. . Method of ma.1dng sand paper, glass or emery.­ Edmund Norris, Philadelphia, Pa. Sept. 14th. , Silk-reels.-Jamu S, Harris, P oultney, Vt. July . 30th. Improvemen t iR bobbing, meth o d of operating in machinery for spinning fibrous substances.-Frsu, cis lIc.Culley, jr., Patte rs o n, N. J. Oct. 30th. Flier and dead spindle for spinning-Phineas Ste'ens, Naskua, N. H., April 20th. Hook spinner lmd twistpr. whirling and rotary-10hn Thorp, North Vrenthnm, Mass., Sept. 27th. Modfl of combining MOO/· · - Geor g e E.Donisthorpe. B radforu, Eug.-(Americ3n palent Sept. 11th.) Mode of combining wool-Ezra Gould, Paterson, N. J., Oct. 9th.

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.. I '.!:, ,·,·!'1· !':I>.

Rain in Summer. BY H. W. LONGFELLOW.

How it clatters upon the roofs, like the tramp of hoofs' How it gushes, and struggles out, from the throat of the overflQwing SPOilt I acrOSB the window-pane, it pours and

They have beBTI mbj eet to �uch severe p re ssu)"e on one side, that thB eentral pivot would soon become worn so as to vary from the true centre. A !iteam- whe el capableof working ten hor�<;)-powers, may be constructed for $50. 'Vater-wheels on thi s plan may be made to run under water,

pours, and swift and wide, with a muddy tide, like a rinr down the gutter roars the rain, the welcome rain!

A blow-wheel on this plan, will drive to be safe from the effects of frost, aud wil l work double the power of an ordinary watr:,r-wheel. in proportion to the power appllcd, a� the common fan-wheAl. The right of constructing and using these wheels, about £bur times as much wind, so as

The sick man from his chamber looks at the twisted brooks j he can f eel the cool breath of each little pool j

in either capacity, will be given on t erm s that cannot fail tu prove satiflfactory.

his fevered brain growl calm again, and he 9renthes a

EXPLANATION .-A

blesling on the rain!

which the :steam, 'vater

He

can behold Aquarius old walking the fenceless fields of

air; and for each alBple fold of the clouds about him roll'd, scattering every where the showcry rain �s the farmer scatters his grain.

He can behold things manifold that have not yet be�n fully told-have not been wholly sung or said: for his

thought, which never stops, follows the water-drops down ' to tb e graves of the dead j down through cha�ms and

gulfs profound, to the dreary fountain head of lakeil and rivers under ground j and sees tho!m, when the rain is

done, on the bridge of colours seven, climbing up once more to lIeaven, opposite the setting sun. Thus the seer, with vision clear, sees forms appf'ar

and disappear, in the perpetual round of strange InJ·Rte­ rieus change from birth to death, from death to birth,

from earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, till glimpses more �ublime of things before, unto his wondering eyes reveal the universe, as an immeasurable whcel turning '"""� Ol!l" olI')l"! ,;, ".J� �l'id and rushing river of Time.

Antipathies, I hate lonl!: storills, and short ears of corn, A eostl y farm-house, and a shabby barn j More curs thall pigs, no books, but many cun�, Corued toes, tight boots, old.debts, and paper dun�. I hate tight lacing, and lOOlle conversntion, Abundant gab, and little information j The fool who sings in bed, and snores in meeting, Who Iauehs while talking, and whe. talks while elltiag.

passes,

B,

verticalshaft, A.

between the wheeland the

ca.sinF;.

The tiuilLenters at BE,and is discharged.a.t F

are

F.' The four wings

casing, wl;ich

fill the two channels, so that the two currents of fluid cannot pa!-;� 1:01" escape but by the m otion of the wheel ;-thus driving, or being arbitrarily driven, by the wheel, the two forces!'o balancing each other that the w h e el 'is not subject to the least friction or wear.

Near at hand, from under the sheltering trees, the

therein only his own thrift and gain.

air

on their pivots, hut

watered and smoking soil, for this rest in the furrow after toil, their large and lustrous eyes seem to tha nk the Lord, more than man's spoken word.

He counts it as ne sin that be sees

01'

a

kept in tneir parallel position hy mean!': of fOllr cranks atthc head of the pivots, C C, which con nect with f ur o do not tul'll a ci rcl e which compa!':ses the c entre shaft, and ;� kept ill it� position hy three friction-wheels, the axle-pivots of whieh are arms which project from Thus it will be £cen that each opp osite pair of wings, in their t urn, · is to be placed ovcr the wheel. attached to an upper floor or

lated nostrils spread, tlIey silently inhale the clove1'­ seented gale, and the vapours tRat adse from the well­

farmer sees! his paatures and his fields of grain, as they belld their tops to the numberless beating drops of the

horizontal wheel

For fmther intelligence appl y at thi!! office.

In

the periphery or sides of the wheel are four semicircular cav ities, in are mounted on ve rti ca l pivot:>. The durk part of' the engraving represen ts two channels through

i.t; mounted on

whic h the el i ptic floats or wings, B B B

In the furrowed land the toiiBome and patient oxen stand, lifting the yoke-uncumbered bead j with their di­

These, and far more than these, the Poet sees!

tars, frments, <tc. Method of makin/l; cC!f1wn!s-Wm. H. Smith, Georg eto wn, D. C., JUlie 101h.

Tm<: gr:-.nd point of excellellQ.c in this invention, Il.lId which prillcipally cOII:stitutes its complete superiority over all other rotaries, consists in its This pe cul iarity completely evadel!1 the main parall'fll principle, which gives an equal p ressure on opposi te sides of the wheel at the same ti me. obstacle which has uniformly prevented the success of steam-wheels and water-wheels, which have been cons t ruc ted on the arbitrary principle.

cautiful is the rain!

incessant rain.

CL�SS IV-(hemMalP-lJCe$ses, Manujaetures,-and Compounds, including Medicines, Dye'n, Colo",.­ � makmg, Distilling, Soap and Candlemakmg, Mor­

·(n�o..l AlIVJ.O'H '13:'1'1VlIVd NOIJ.::W-3'1Ull0a 3H.!.

How beautiful is the rain! After the dust anelheat, in the broad and fiery street, in the narrow lane, how

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� .. SAILING.-'l'he Pitli,burg Gazette says DISTANCES OF THE PLANETS FlI.Olll THE SUrI.­ that the J. M. White, Capt. Jos. M. C o n vers mastel', The vast extent of the solar system is but vague ly has made a tri p fr011l New-Orleans to St. Louis,1180 �o b�<:onceived �rom the OJ'dinary mode of stilting i. miles, a ginst a tremendous current, in a days, 23 III mt l h ons of rodes. To demonstrate it in a more hours and 9 minutes! This is at the mte of 4 minUl'ls striking and impressive manner, a continential aR­ 50 s c£ o nds, and 17-60 of a second to the m il tl­ tronomer has proposed, or rather renewed the about 12 and 1·3 miles an honr, incl ud ing all .top­ prupo$al, that the c omput ed distances of the planets pages! 'rhis is the quickest trip ('ver lIlad�, and the be m easurc d by comp arison with the velocity of a J. M. White is a Pittsburg boat. But this passage c annon ball, rated at 1 1-2·German miles per minute. is no test of her actu,d �peer! a�ainst. time; to a s c er ­ With this velocity a cannon ball fired f11im · the sun, t:in that. wc IlIU�t tak e som" run she has made would reach the planet Mercury in 9 years an d 6 She has made the·run without stopping her whcel. mon t hs; Venus in 1f:l years; the earth in 25 years; Mars in 38; Jupiter in 130; Saturn in 238; and from New-Orleans to DOllald�onville, 82 measured mi l !�, in 4 hours and 35 minutes, being at the rate Uranuil (Herschel) in 479 years. With the samll of a milo in 3 m i uutes, 21 seconds and 13·60ths of a velocity a shot would reach the moon from the earlh second, or 18 mi les an hour against the current' of in 23 days, little more than three weeks. til,., M ississippi !! Pittsburg against the worid. .. --.--. - . _....._.- .-. ---.... "._._ ... . PI'U·SBURG.-The Pittsburg Gazette sp eaks of the VONDERS OF 'l'HE IRON MANUFACTORY,-1'he rapid growth of manufactories in that city. Among amoullt of iron produced in the U nited State�, is o ther mills is men tioned a tack and brad factory, three hundred thousand tons; <Ill of which, and that turns oul 4,000,000 t05,000,OOO per day. Two much more, is con�umed ill this country. 'l'he l'olling mins of the largest size are building. There amount of nai l s alone is supposed to be fifty thouIS also a co tton factory 150 feet long, 50 feet wide, sand tOilS. Forty thousand casks or four million and (jve 8teries high, to run 7,000 spind les, a cerree­ poulld�, art' annually made by the Boston Compa n y, pond in g number of looms, and to bo propelled by !5uppo se that the nails will average one hundred steam. A s maller mill is nearly ready to run, of and �ixty to a ponnd, the nnmber here produced whi ch til) d imensions are given. -- _ ........ - ...... � -� ..��- �-. -' .......... '-.---.,",--� f'ach working day, would be nearly two million s., - ........ This is supposed to be hut the twenty - fifth part of ' FACTORY GIRL S ' SAVIN6s.-The amount of roo­ the nail manufac ture of the United States. It seems ney d epos i t.ed by the female operatives in the LoweU in cr edi bl e that a bou t fifty millions of nailR are made, Savings' Bank, is equal to twelve hundred and fifty dollars fOl" every Factory girl in the place. Some of bo ug ht sold and used, every day, in the United States, them have ["li ved two thou sand dollars each! the ye t such appeRrs to be the fact. interest of which, at seven per cent, would supp ort THE POPE 0!Of RAILWAys.-'rhe FrankfortJour­ them for life. Two thousand poor working girlRin nal makes the lollowing oJd announcement, un d er New-York arB barely ablo to sup{'Ort themselyes. date 17th July, from Rome :-"The Pope has �e­ ciared once fOI" all that he will not allow railways to A LABGE FAlIIILY.-An Old rattle9llake with he established in the Pontifioal State s, (or k wo u ld eiglltylittie ones, were killed a few days lince, in be d a n g e rous t-o allow them ill a eountry wllere DanVl�er, Mass. When discovered. the little there existll such political a&itation." 8nakes all hurried to the mother lor prote.tioD.

-=.=::: .:.=:..:.::-.::.:�:..=-==...:;.:=-....:..:..:.:�:.....::=::--:---.-:--.-..:.;.::-.--::=--==:-=:...=-�-===..::=:.::--=::-.:.:-"=::.-

A

rlEW

MA'l'ERIAL FOR ROOFING.-We le�rn,

from the Philadelphia L ed ger-. through the c o mmuni c ati on of a .. Mechanic," that a new method for roofing houses has been inv ented by tWeI gen t.lemen of that State, w hich is "more durable than s in gles, slllte, or tin, as brilliant as glass, fire-proof and water· proof; 'ed, blue, green, or any other colour that may be desired; a non-conductor of. electricity, a reflecto of heat, cheaper than fln, lighter than slate; being vitrified, it i� almost illd,,structible by time or w eat her, and so easi:y pUI 1)11 that the' largest roof can be put on in a si n g l e day, if desired. It r equires very little d es cent ; a ro of co v ered with this material may be covered as flat as any tin roof without the least dauger of leaking, Nothing short of actual violence will inj u re it. Should it .ome into general use our cities w i ll out'Vllen a house shine the Kremlin of Moscow. with a sl at e roof is on fire, th e slates fly so that firemen are in great d ang e should they come near it; but this article. having passed through the fire in the process of manufacture, is not .liable to this '11 objection; its dura b ility is suc h th at It WI I ast as

h

r

r

long

as

the JlOuse."-Farmer

ot Mechanic.

PROGR£�S-·��·��l:����:�.;;�·.=.B�f��e the war of

ID the United States were the Middle5ex�anal in Massachusetts,27 miles in lell.i.tb, a nd finished in 1808, and th@ Sanatee canal in Sou th Carolina, 22:miles in length. The canals now com­ pleted have c ost upwar ds of on� hundreel millions of dollars.

1815, th� only canals

In 1683, there belonged to the city of New-York three barque., three brigantines, twenty-six sl oops, and forty-eight open boats. In 1769 the imports were .;t;138,976 sterlin g, or $839,782; and in 1799 the exports w ere $17,262,729. In 1800 the amoullf of duties on mer c handi s e imported into the city was $3,611,588. In IS44, the total exportlamounted to $34,623,449.

QUICK

© 1845 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

1I

ISSUED IN 1844.

Ill-Mallufacturesof fibrous

and ie:.r:Ue sub­ stancu, induding machines for prepari1l.g fibres o f wool, cotton, silk,jur,paper. <tc. I CO"Iin oed. J Method of Curing and Cleaning cotton, wool &c., .....silas G. Mumford, North Providence, R. I. March

DOUBLE-ACTION PARAI.LEL ROTARY S1'EAM-ENGlNE.

STATE

BEING IN NEW

QUADBU.LI1

THII

SOIEKTIPIO AMERIOAN, PlTBLISHED

NUMBER 3.

l'EW-YORK, THURSDAY, � EPTEM�ER 11, 1845.

VOLUME J.

EYERY

.:


ArD JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL AND OTHER I}IPROVEMENTS.

Water-proof cements and figments - Edward Dentsch, France. (granted in England, Oct. 8th, lfi!42,) in U. S. May· 25th, 16,14. Col9u ring and harde lli n g wood-C. F. Spicker, New York, June 24th. New corn p osit i.on tor aqueduct pipes-Gideon .lyers, Bridgewater, N. Y., March 28th. Composition for dy�ilJg the hair-A uguste Grand ­ j ean, New York, Feb. 28th. Compollition for glazing-Thomas anel Ephraim Parker, Orangeville, Pa., F('b. 201h. C omp osi tio n fur making h ri c k- Nat h an i el J. Vv. • eth, Cambridge, Mass., March 28th. Water-proof composition for leather-William J. Roome, New York, Jan. 6th. ImoentioD for dyeing yarn-Amos. keag Manufa�turlllg Co., assignee of William ii. Burke, Mancileslc'l", N. H., Ma y 30th. Friction matches-Elisha Smith, Erving, Ma�II., Oct. 3d. New modc of makin g 1:.ll11p-bJack-J ohn G. Mini' Philadelphi a, Pa., Nov. 13th. Method "f preparing lard-H. A. Amelung, Al­ ton, II!., Nov. 13th. Rendering l ard-E bene z er Wilson, Cincinnati ' Ohio,Oct. 9th. Mash-tubs-Benjamin Roop�, Pekin, Ohio, Oct. 9th. Machines for making m er curia l ointrnents-Jas. W. W. Gordon, B altim ore, Md., Ju n e 5th. <?intments f or piles-Will. W. Rile y, Manllfield, OhIO, Jan. 31st. �ire and water-proof paints-J oseph Weisman, PhJadelphia, Pa., Feb. 20th. Improvement ir. making salmratus-Edw'd Cham­ berlin, Boston, Mass., Sept. 20th. Making salt-I s a a c Noves, Kanawha Saline, Va., . April 25t11. Sealing-wax, igniting-Joseph Fa tman, Philadel­ phia, Pa., April 17th. Silv eri J1 g 100king-glalisell-ThQs. Drayton, Brigh­ ton, England, Nov. 25th, 1843-U. S., Aug. 12th ' 1�44. Method of purify i ng soaps and oils-Arthur DUDIl, Rotherhithe, England, Nov. 9th, 1843-U. S .. Dec. 4 th, 1844. Sugar-boilers-Abraham Hager, DonaldsoDYille, La., M:1rch llh. Sugar candy-HBnry and GeQrge Garrison, New­ burgh, N. Y., April lOth. Claaning sugar-Joseph Hurd, Sooreham, Ma88., Oct. 3d. Filters for sugal' &.c.-John Watson, Elizabeth­ town, N. J" Jan. 31st. Cutting tallow, &c,-Zabina Ellis, Kingston, Pa., Oct.12th. Renovating tobacco-Enoch Huse, Ne wburyp ort, Mals., July 22d.

of m:cbillery

CLASS V- Comp-rinng Lamps. FirepZrzas, Stov'!s, Grates, Furnaces fer heating b?tiMings, (o(Jl.:illg

Apparattts, Preparation of Fual, 4-c.

�

Modeo.f building c h m neY 8 to pr�vent smoking_ Josep&. Gilbert, Frease I P.O., OhIO, Nov. 13th.

(To •• oonli.ued.]