Page:Science vol. 5.djvu/44

 [Voi^ v.. No. 101.

��Uuriiig the year, ten new aniemiils or minor planets linve been discovered, making the total number now known two bunilred sutl torty-flve. The new-comers ai'e as follows; (23il) Honoria, dlBcorered by Dr. J. Palisa, at Vienna, April 26; (237| Hytwtia, by Pa- lisa, June 27; {2:%) by Knorre, ai Berlin. .Tuly 1; (2SB) by Pallsa, Aug. IS; (240) Vanadis, by Borelly, at Marseilles, Aug. 27; (241) Genniiiilm b; Dr. R. Luther, at DiisBeldorf, Sept. 12; (242) Erlemhlld, by Palisa, Sept. 22; (243) by Pallia. Sept. 2".); (244) by Pallsa, Oct. 14; (245) by PnltsB, Oct. 27 (nt tlrst taken (or Andromache). W. C. Winlock.

��An examination of the official report of Capl. Healy, Lieut, Caniwell, and Dr. Yemans, of the V. S. win, and of the drawings and photographs by which it is accompanied, aGFonls a few further noiei of interest in rtgard lo tbia re-

��eiror In earlier i

since the length of the peak, which i changed mucli, is only about a thousand feeL Tha earlier estimates of the height of Grewingk wera al>out double lis real height. The tendency is always toward overestimating a height when there is noth- ing adjacent (or comparison, and accurate measure- meuts from on ehipljoard are extremely difficult. The south spit of Bogosloff has certainly Increased greatly In iungtli since recent disturbances, and now meas- ures about eighteen himdred feet, when previously it did not exceed one-third the length of Boiiostoff. The north end of Bogosloff rises nearly vertically with u sort of cave at Its base. The shores of both peaks are fringed with large water-worn bowlJel's of hard rock. The axis of the old peak and spit is in a south- east bycHSt dlrecUon. There was not the slightest sign of recent vnlcanism about it; and the crags were the haunt of myriads of birds, but too crum- bling to scale. There arc no birds on the new peak, and those accidentally entering its vapors are quickly suffocated- Ship Itock rises eighty-seven feet, and haa liccn elevated about twenty feet atrave Its old level, judging by the barnacles sllll clinging to its sides. The apex has crumbled a ItlUe, and Is less squarely j cut than formerly.

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���niarkable Island. It may be recalled that the new peak was first seen, so far as now known, by Capt. Anderson of the Matthew Tomer, Sept. 27, 18S3, and that Iberefore the application to It of the name of Capl, Hague, on the ground that he was the discov' erer, (ts suggested by Lieut. Stoney, Is erroneous- We prefer to retain the prior name of Grewingk, who first collocted and discussed alt the existing data in relation to the Island and its changes.

In regard tu the Bogosloff peak, the new observa- lluns determine that It contains a dike or central lon- gitudinal wall of laminated rock, probably volcanic, of which Ship Rock may be an outlying spur. The lop and ends of BogosloS ore entirely, and the sides partly, uncovered by Ibe distnl^gration of a very friable rock of different character from the core. The high sharp pinnacles observed in 1873 appear to have been destroyed hy the commotions attending the upheaval of Grewingk. The highest (east) point is now aliout threehundred and thirty-four feet, the centre two hun- dred and ninety feet, and Ibe west part three hundred and twenty-four feel In lieight. These differ sligbtly from Stoney's figures, and considerably from pievlous measurements. Allowing (or all the probable dlmi- niilion in height, due tu various causes, we are con- vinced that a lan;e part of th<^ discrepancy is due to

��Grewingk is less sharp llian BugosloR. as could he determined through Itie Bt«am-jelB, iba highest peak of Grewingk is less than four hundred and fifty feet, and Its base Is somewhat over thras thousand feet long. A deep ravine which apparentlj represents the crater, but is toa full of st ford a fair view, extends In a north-easterly directloo J through the upper third of the mass, and cuts oB k peak south-east from it, estimated to he four hundred feet high and about one-fifth the volume of Ibe wholS summit. The sides of Grewingk rise with a sloptt varying from ten lo forly-flve degrees; near the hasa It Is gentler; andlhesurfsceof soft ashes, thickly ering broken rock. The slope, after the fir^l three hundred feet, becomes steeper, and chieHy of loniely piled rocks; at two-thirds of the total heiglit from the base, a wall of volcanic pudding-stone checks further progress. On the north-west side many Irreguh rocks appear: the other sides are more thickly strew with ashes. There Is no lava. Many steam-jets ai visible, but are noiseless or only purr slightly. I one place, two-thirds of the way up, there is ,i group of fifteen jets on a nearly boriaontal plane, which wera notable for the force with which the vapor was emitted, and for tbelr intermittent regular pulsing. All the venls were surrounded with dendritic snlphiircrystala.

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