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 scavenger, working on a storage of bile." Symonds affirms that "Without an appeal to conscience the satirist has no locus standi." Browning has Balaustion say to Aristophanes:

"Good Genius! Glory of the poet, glow O' the humorist who castigates his kind, Suave summer-lightning lambency which plays On stag-horned tree, misshapen crag askew, Then vanishes with unvindictive smile After a moment's laying black earth bare, Splendor of wit that springs a thunderball— Satire—to burn and purify the world, True aim, fair purpose; just wit justly strikes Injustice,—right, as rightly quells the wrong, Finds out in knaves', fools', cowards' armory The tricky tinselled place fire flashes through, No damage else, sagacious of true ore."

And Dawson brings satiric utilitarianism into the present century:

"It is quite beside the mark to say that we do not like satire. It is equally beside the mark to say that we have never known such a world as this. The thing to be remembered is that in all ages the satirist of manners has been of the utmost service to society in exposing its follies and lashing its vices. It is the work of a great satirist to apply the caustic to the ulcers of society; and if we are to let our dislike of satire overrule our judgment, we shall not only record our votes against a Juvenal and a Swift, but equally against the whole line of Hebrew prophets."

All these citations refer more or less directly to the cause—the reason or motive for satirical utterance—but have some bearing on the effect—the tangible result of it,—since the two are to a certain extent inseparable.