Page:Sanskrit syntax (IA cu31924023201183).pdf/41

 37. § 36-37. 25 not only construed with the dative of the person be- stowed upon, but also with genitive or locative. The dative of the purpose is interchangeable with many a periphrase (अर्थम्, निमित्तम् etc.) and with infinitives. And so on. Add to this the many implements for periphrase, either prepositions, partly ancient and common to the Indo-european mother-tongue, partly new-formed in Sanskrit, or nouncases and verbal forms that have etc. when = „to," almost the force of prepositions, as सकाशम् समीपम् »to, " कृते,on account of, , on account of," वर्जयित्वा or मुक्ता मार्गेण = „without,” p = „by means of", sim. Moreover, in most cases one is free to compound the substantive with those words, for ex. to say sifada: instead -- = of जीवितस्य देतो: (for the sake of life), पाषाणोपरि = पाषाणस्योपरि (over & stone), etc. Finally it must be kept in mind that in a large amount of cases one has even the choice of either expressing the case-rela- tion, or letting it be implied by a compound, made up पुरुषेषु of the two correlating substantives पुरुषसिंह सिंहः (& lion among men), राजपुरुषः = राज्ञः पुरुषः (the king's attendant), श्रहितः = ग्रहिना कृतः (slain by = a serpent), sim. - - In consequence, the three general classes, we have set up, do but re- cases, periphrase, compounds present one and the same logical category and are in practice coordinate. For clearness' sake however, as they cannot be dealt with promiscuously, they re- quire to be treated successively. Accordingly chaptt. = 111