Page:Sanskrit syntax (IA cu31924023201183).pdf/262

 246 § 327-328. gan Tit Haley (at the time you were not married and I was heir- apparent). Rem. Pånini especially mentions the freedom of employing the present instead of a past tense with q (formerly, before). So Panc. 202 the crow says fifa que enfa. Here the present is used, but the aorist f. i. Kathas. 25, 74 a, the im- perf. f. i. ibid. 24, 19 ..... gT and Pat. I, p. 5 quoted above. PAST TENSES. 328. In defining the employment of the past tenses one Actual must distinguish between such past facts, as have not past and lost their actuality, and such as have, and therefore cal past. belong to history. The historical past may be expressed histori- by any past tense, but the actual past not. In other terms, as a rule, English he did and he had done may be rendered by Sanskrit aorist, imperfect, perfect or the participle (1, ª), but English he has done only by the aorist or the participle, not by the imperfect or by the perfect. Histo- rical I. For expressing the historical past, the four past express- past tenses are used almost promiscuously, and the historical ed by present (326, 327) may be added to them as a fifth. any past tense. AUGER Examples: Kathas. 24, 10 it is told, one asked (aq- imperf.), vs. 11 the other replied (aor.), vs. 13 the former asked again (perf.). Ibid. vs. 214 (al dealaichrari grfatigatà .... as they could not tell it him [themselves], they sent messengers, who told him") is an other instance of aor., perf. and imperf. used promiscuously and without the slightest difference of meaning. Panc, 276 we have this succession of facts: utafafufenn (participle)..... grafna gran (orist) | geuanfranai apntayteufa (histor. pres. with durative meaning was singing)" (asgalt aunafen (partic.)..... ny (imperf.) and so æði