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 § 270-271. Demon indicating the things they are to point at in a more general re- significant manner than in modern tongues. For this stratives: marks. 202 tween them, reason, when translating from the Sanskrit, it is many times indispensable to render demonstrative pronouns otherwise, f. i. by the pronoun he, she, it, by the, by adverbs (here, there), sometimes even by putting instead of them the very noun, they are referring to. In the same way, indeed, the demonstratives of Latin and Greek must be translated. We will dispense here with adducing instances exemplifying each of the somewhat freer translations, as have been named. It will suffice giving a few samples of Sanskrit demonstr. pro- nouns to be rendered by English adverbs. Panc. 201 . ca am mutat enfant frafa (say, woodcock, here on the river- side a holy devotee stands); Vikr. I, p. 15 the king says to his charioteer 3 (- here is that mountain-top); Câk. IV Kanva asks where are Çarngarava and Çâradrata," they answer » (Reverend, here we are). From the Vaidik writings I e 4 a: (there the sun add Ath. V. 1, 29, 5 has risen and here has my spell). Of the four demonstratives, used in classic Sanskrit, 271. Difference of employ. and are opposite to and . Their diffe- ment be- rent nature is well described by a vernacular gramma- is expressive of near- implies pre- rian, when pronouncing that ness but of remoteness, and that sence but absence '). Indeed, both and point at something near to the speaker or his time, whereas 1) See the kårikâ, quoted in a foot-note on p. 188 of ÇRIRAMAMAYA- ÇARMAN's edition of Mrcchakati (Majumdar's series): 34: A Train and
 * fange affa qtà fasician.