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 > without.' Rem. Occasionally, and the like are used in this manner. See f. i. R. 3, 11, 65 and 3, 54, 26. 198. 2. Such as are expressive of concomitancy or the con- other par- ticiples trary of it, as Hd, n, when = „with," d, 1 with" and 199. § 197-199. JTET; Examples of, periphrasing the nimittasaptamt (147). R. 3, 43, 48 quafa mai xen (Laxmana, look how foud Sita is of the skin of the antelope), Çák, I go ff qəşra: (I will ask something concerning your friend). 3-4, 142, when = „without." It is a matter of course, that we have the right of speaking of them as periphrasing case-relations only in such cases, as where the original and proper meaning of these participles has faded away in so far as not to admit of their being translated by English participles. With them may be remembered the adjective, which is often almost equivalent to our »with," as Panc. 62 ..... dılar) ayado4-19 ; (a lake with much water). Rem. To them we may add ata, na, fan and the like, when being the first members of bahuvrthis as n = »fear- less," Daç. 25 a: pityless." 3. Some participles in the neuter gender may be met with occasionally, used as adverbs with a prepositional function. Mhbh, 1, 115, 11 và y (without the knowledge of Dhr.); Pane. 272
 * language: (in the course of the conver-

sation the king asked the potter). Cp. Kathâs. 39, 167. To them we may subjoin, as they do duty of parti- ciples, the adjectives ya, 3-49, dy¶, when point- ing out the direction of a movement. Then their proper meaning [having] the face [turned] to" has dwindled down to a mere to or towards=f. They are often used so, either as adjectives, or adverbially. of adjective: Pane. 208 giga: Fag (or ag af) Examples which is identical with gang: T: of adverb: Pane. 64 - niya untà. 1
 * ibid. 299