Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/96

 199-] : namely, in certain Vedic compounds with :, , , , (compare the anomalous  and -:  + √); and, in the language of every period, certain compounds of , with change of its vowel to an alterant quality (as in  and : 224 b): ,  (also  and ),.

e. Between final and initial, the insertion of a  is permitted — or, according to some authorities, required: thus,  or.

200. The cases of assimilation of a dental to a contiguous palatal occur almost only in external combination, and before an initial palatal. There is but one case of internal combination, namely:

201. A न् coming to follow a palatal mute in internal combination is itself made palatal.

Thus, (the only instance after ),, , , ,.

202. a. A final त् before an initial palatal mute is assimilated to it, becoming च्  before च्  or छ्, and ज्  before ज्  (झ्  does not occur).

Thus,, , ; , , ,.

b. A final न् is assimilated before ज्, becoming ञ्.

c. All the grammarians, of every period, require this assimilation of to ; but it is more often neglected, or only occasionally made, in the manuscripts.

d. For before a surd palatal, see below, 208.

203. Before the palatal sibilant श्, both त् and न्  are assimilated, becoming respectively च्  and ञ् ; and then the following श्  may be, and in practice almost always is, converted to छ्.

Thus, (--),,  ( + );  or ,  or.

a. Some authorities regard the conversion of to  after  or  as everywhere obligatory, others as only optional; some except, peremptorily or optionally, a  followed by a mute. And some require the same conversion after every mute save, reading also , , ,. The manuscripts generally write, instead of , as result of the combination of and.

b. In the MS., undand [sic]  are anomalously combined into : e. g.,.