Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/85

57 clothe), it is, on account of the equivalence and interchangeability of and  (232), impossible to say whether the  in omitted or converted into.

a. Final radical is very rare; RV. (twice, both 2d pers. sing.) treats from √ in the same manner as any ordinary word ending in.

b. For certain cases of irregular loss of the of a root or tense-stem, see 233 b–e.

167. In a few very rare cases, final radical before  is changed to  (perhaps by dissimilation): they are, from √ dwell (also sporadically from  shine, ÇB., and  clothe, Har.), the future  and aorist ; from √, the desiderative stem.

a. For as apparent ending of the 3d sing. in -verbs, see 555 a.

168. According to the grammarians, the final of certain other roots, used as noun-stems, becomes  at the end of the word, and before  and : thus,, , ,. But genuine examples of such change are not quotable.

a. Sporadic cases of a like convention are found in the Veda: namely, and  from :  from ;  from ;  etc. (not quotable) from. But the actuality of the conversion here is open to grave doubt; it rather seems the substitution of a -stem for a -stem. The same is true of the change of to  in the declension of perfect participles (458). The stem (404), from, is anomalous and isolated.

b. In the compounds  and , the final  of the first member is treated as if a  (203).

169. As the final consonant of derivative stems and of inflected forms, both of declension and of conjugation, is extremely frequent; and its changes form a subject of first-rate importance in Sanskrit euphony. The, on the other hand, is quite rare.

a. The is found as original final in certain case-forms of stems in  or  (369 ff.); in root-stems in  and  from roots in  (383 b); in a small number of other stems, as,  and  (beside  and : 430),  or , and the Vedic , -, -, -, -, -, -, - (cf. 176 c); in a few particles, as , , ; and in the numeral  (482 g).

b. The euphonic treatment of and  yielding precisely the same result after all vowels except  and, there are certain forms with regard to which it is uncertain whether they end in  or , and opinions differ respecting them. Such are (or ) of the gen.-abl. sing. of -stems (371 c), and (or ) of the 3d plur. of verbs (550 c).