Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/78

 142. The palatals, however, form here (as often elsewhere) an exception to the rules for the other mutes. No palatal is allowed as final. The च् reverts (43) to its original क् : thus, वाक्, अंहोमुक्. The छ् (only quotable in the root प्रछ् ) becomes ट् : thus प्राट्. The ज् either reverts to its original guttural or becomes ट्, in accordance with its treatment in other combinations (219): thus, भिषक् , विराट्. The झ् does not occur, but it is by the native grammarians declared convertible to ट्.

143. Of the nasals, the म् and न्  are extremely common, especially the former (म्  and स्  are of all final consonants the most frequent); the ण्  is allowed, but is quite rare; ङ्  is found (remaining after the loss of a following क् ) in a very small number of words (386 b, c, 407 a); ञ्  never occurs.

a. But the final of a root is changed to  (compare 212 a, below): thus,  from, , ,  from ,  from ,  from ,  from ; no other cases are quotable.

144. Of the semivowels, the ल् alone is an admitted final, and it is very rare. The र् is (like its nearest surd correspondent, स् : 145) changed as final to. Of य् and व्  there is no occurrence.

145. Of the sibilants, none may stand unaltered at the end of a word. The स् (which of all final consonants would otherwise be the commonest) is, like र्, changed to a breathing, the. The श् either reverts (43) to its original क्, or, in some roots, is changed to ट्  (in accordance with its changes in inflection and derivation: see below, 218): thus, दिक् , but विट्. The ष् is likewise changed to ट् : thus, प्रावृट्.

a. The change of to  is of rare occurrence: see below, 226 d.