Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/526

 1286. The root-stem (pure root, or with added after a short final vowel: 1147 d) is very often combined with a preceding adverbial word, of various kinds; and in the combination it retains the accent.

a. Examples are: with inseparable prefixes, not harming,  not giving birth,  not shining;  well-doing,  hearing well;  ill-doing,  (199 d) impious;  joining together,  conflict;  born together,  carrying together; — with other adverbs,  growing old at home,  touching upward,  appearing again,  harnessed early,  bought the same day,  growing up together,  ever-binding,  turning to both sides,  easily overcoming; — with adjectives used adverbially,  wide-spreading,  first-born,  swift-moving,  newly giving birth,  only born,  brightly adorned,  twice born,  triple,  self-ruling; — with nouns used adverbially,  beneficent,  shining like the sun,  acting as lord,  self-existent; and, with accusative case-form,  going by flight.

b. When, however, a root-stem is already in composition, whether with a verbal prefix or an element of other character, the further added negative itself takes the accent (as in case of an ordinary adjective: below, 1288 a): thus, for example, not abiding,  not turning back,  not showing hostility,  not ill-doing,  not giving a horse,  not slaying cattle ( would be an exception, if it contained √: which is very unlikely). Similar combinations with seem to retain the radical accent: thus, :  is an unsupported exception.

c. A few other exceptions occur, mostly of doubtful character, as, and the words having as final member (407 ff.: if this element is not, after all, a suffix): compare 1269 a.

1287. Other verbal derivatives, requiring to be treated apart from the general body of adjectives, are few and of minor importance. Thus:

a. The derivatives in are in great part of doubtful character, became of the possibility of their being used with substantive value to make a possessive compound. The least ambiguous, probably, are the derivatives from present-stems (1148 j), which have the accent on the suffix: thus, ; and with them belong such cases as ; and the nouns. Differently accented, on the other hand, although apparently of the same formation, are such as (compare the compounds noticed at 1286 b),, and others. Words like, are probably possessives.