Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/525

 1284. The passive (or past) participle in or  is much more variously compounded; and in general (as in the case of the verbal prefixes: 1085 a) the preceding adverbial element has the accent.

a. Thus, with the negative or  (by far the most common case): ; — with ; — with  and ; — with other adverbial words, :  and  are rather participles of a compound conjugation.

b. Exceptions in regard to accent are: with or, , and, with the accent of the participle retracted to the root,  myriad,  (beside ),  (? beside ); — with  (nearly half as numerous as the regular cases),  and  (beside  and ), and a few others; with  (quite as numerous as the regular cases),  (also ),  (also ), ; with ; with other adverbs, , etc., and the compounds with , etc., and with  etc. The proper name  stands beside ; and AV. has for RV. .

1285. The gerundives occur almost only in combination with the negative prefix, and have usually the accent on the final syllable.

a. Examples are: ; ; ; and, along with verbal prefixes, the cases are (the accent of the simple word being  etc.).

b. Exceptions in regard to accent are:. The two and  (both AV.) belong to the -division (1213 b) of gerundives, and have retained the accent of the simple word. And and  occur together.

c. The only compounds of these words with other adverbial elements in V. are (accented like its twin ) and  (which retains the final circumflex), and perhaps.

d. The neuter nouns of the same form (1213 c: except ) retain their own accent after an adverbial prior member: thus, ; and. And the negatived gerundives instanced above are capable of being viewed as possessive compounds with such nouns.

e. Some of the other verbal derivatives which have rules of their own as to accent etc. may be next noticed.