Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/515

 in ÇB. And in one,, form and accent are both accordant with the usages of the later language.

e. Of other copulatives, like those made later, the RV. has the plural, the duals ; also the neuter collective , and the substantively used neuter of a copulative adjective,. Further, the neuter plurals nycthemera, and  praises and songs, of which the final members as independent words are not neuter. No one of these words has more than a single occurrence.

1256. In the later Vedic (AV.), the usage is much more nearly accordant with that of the classical language, save that the class of neuter singular collectives is almost wanting.

a. The words with double dual form are only a small minority (a quarter, instead of three quarters, as in RV.); and half of them have only a single accent, on the final: thus, besides those in RV., ;, voc., is of anomalous form. The whole number of copulatives is more than double that in RV.

b. The only proper neuter collectives, composed of two nouns, are hair and heardbeard [sic],  salve and ointment, and  mat and pillow, unified because of the virtual unity of the two objects specified. Neuter singulars, used in a similar collective way, of adjective compounds, are (besides those in RV.): what is done and undone (instead of what is done and what is undone),  thought and desire,  good and evil,  past and future.

1257. Copulative compounds composed of adjectives which retain their adjective character are made in the same manner, but are in comparison rare.

a. Examples are light and dark,  terrestrial and aquatic,  of ivory and silver and gold, used distributively; and  round and plump,  tranquil and propitious,  wearing fresh garlands and free from dust,  beginning with conception and ending with burial, used cumulatively;  not over cold or hot, used alternatively;  seen for a moment and then lost,  at hand as soon as thought of, in more pregnant sense.

b. In the Veda, the only examples noted are the cumulative and  etc., used in the neut. sing. as collectives (as pointed out above), with dark tawny; and the distributive  right and left,  seventh and eighth, and  good and bad (beside the corresponding neut. collective). Such combinations as truth and falsehood,  things