Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/501

 and in RV.,  in ÇB. — no such nouns are found in actual use beside them. In the later language, is used as independent element in a very few words: thus,  possessing cattle,  (Sūtras and later) master, lord ( own),  humped.

b. The two words and  show not only reversion but also sonantizing of an original palatal.

1232. विन्. The adjectives made with this suffix are also not numerous. They have the same meanings with those in इन्. The accent is on the suffix.

a. The RV. has ten adjectives in ; they become rather more common later. Though for them may be suspected a similar origin to those in and  (above), signs of it are much less clearly traceable.

b. The great majority have added after : e. g.  reverential,  heated,  brilliant,  beautiful, and so, etc.; and  have an inserted , by analogy with them. Most others have (sometimes, by lengthening): thus,  obedient to the goad,  double-minded,  possessing of both kinds,. More rarely, is added after another consonant than : thus,. The doubtful word (VS., once: TB. ) appears to add the ending (or, with euphonic ) to a present tense-stem.

c. An external form of combination is seen only in and  (both Vedic), with the common reversion of a palatal in.

1233. वन्त्. Very numerous possessive adjectives are made by this suffix, from noun-stems of every form, both in the earlier language and in the later.

a. The accent generally remains upon the primitive, without change; but an accent resting on a stem-final, if this be anything but or, is in the majority of cases thrown forward upon the suffix. As to inflection, formation of feminine, etc., see 452 ff.

b. A final vowel — oftenest, very rarely — is in many words lengthened in the older language (247) before this ending, as in composition. Nouns in more often retain the.

c. Examples of the normal formation are: with unchanged accent, hairy,  having a son,  procreative,  rich in lotuses,  rich in gold,  having cakes,  allied with a kshatriya;  having progeny,  wooly,  rich in sacrificial gifts;  having friends,  accompanied by the seven sages;  powerful,  vehement,  with spouse,  devoted,