Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/489

 b. The AV. has once, with circumflexed final; if not an error, it is doubtless made through ; (VS. i. 12) appears to be dual fem. of.

1212. Derivatives in य without initial -strengthening are usually adjectives, much less often (neuter, or, in या, feminine) abstract nouns. They are made from every variety of primitive, and are very numerous (in Veda, three or four times as many as the preceding class).

a. The general mass of these words may be best divided according to their accent, into: 1. Words retaining the accent of the primitive; 2. Words with retracted accent; 3. Words with acute ; 4. Words with circumflexed. Finally may be considered the words, gerundives and action-nouns, which have the aspect of primary derivatives.

1. b. Examples of derivatives in retaining the accent of their primitives are:  equine,  of the limbs ,  foremost ( mouth),  ovine ,  bovine ,  of the people ,  of the door ,  manly ,  virile ,  autocracy ,  wealth in retainers ,  of all men,  of all the gods ,  peacock-tailed.

c. In the last words, and in a few others, the appears to be used (like, 1222 h: cf. 1212 m) as a suffix simply helping to make a possessive compound: and so further  (beside the equivalent ),.

2. d. Examples with retraction of the accent to the first syllable (as in derivation with -increment) are: guttural,  humeral ,  of a ceremony ,  in the clouds ,  of the Fathers ,  adverse. of gold, is anomalous both in drawing the accent forward and in retaining the final of the primitive; and  and  (also ) are to be compared with it as to formation.

3. e. Examples with acute accent on the suffix are: heavenly,  true ,  tigrine ,  wise ,  of the village ,  relating to the sóma,  sinlessness ,  not fit for.

4. f. Of derivatives ending in circumflexed (which in the Veda are considerably more numerous than all the three preceding classes together), examples are as follows: