Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/467

, etc.); (to , );  (to  or );  etc. (to  etc.);  etc. (to , , etc.). Then in the Brāhmaṇa language are found further examples: thus,  (TS. K.), (MS. K.: to, , etc.), (ÇB.; and  n. bit), ,  (n. big piece), (K.),  (AB.),  (ChU.),  (KB.); and still later such as, , , , , etc., etc.

1169. वन्. By this suffix are made almost only agent-words, adjectives and nouns, the latter chiefly masculines. The root is unstrengthened, and to a short final vowel is added a त् before the suffix. The accent is almost always on the root, both in the simple words and in their compounds.

a. The insertion of is an intimation that the words of this form are originally made by the addition of  to derivatives in  and ; yet  has the present value of an integral suffix in the language, and must be treated as such.

b. Examples of the usual formation are: masc. offering, harming,  capable, - leaving, - conquering,  pressing,  active, - (like -, -) going,  (√) warrior; neut. joint, bow. Irregular, with strengthened root, are courser, - (? AV.) driving off; and, with accent on the suffix,  (? VS.) and  (? AV.).

c. Examples from roots with prefixes (which are not rare) are: excelling,  reviler,  collecting; and perhaps  shining:  is a compound with governing preposition (1310). For the compounds with other elements, which, except in special cases, have the same accent, see below, 1277.

d. The stems robber and  (each RV., once) are the only ones with a union-vowel, and are perhaps better regarded as secondary derivatives — of which a few are made with this suffix: see below, 1234. From a reduplicated root are made and  (and possibly ).

e. Action-nouns made with the suffix are only the infinitival words mentioned at 974 — unless  (RV., once) is to be added, as locative of.

f. The feminines corresponding to adjectives in are not made (apparently) directly from this suffix, but from, and end in ; see below, 1171 b.

1170. वन, वनि , वनु. The very few words