Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/465

 both of agent and of action, with unstrengthened root and various accent. Thus:

a. Abstracts (masc.) are wrath,  death (with  added to the short final of the root).

b. Adjectives etc. are n. pr.,  pliable,  (GB. i. 1.7),  pure;  pious,  strong,  enemy; and, with -strengthening,  victorious.

c. For other derivatives ending in, see the suffix , below, 1178 h, i.

1166. म. The action-nouns made by this suffix are almost all masculine; and they are of various root-form and accent, as are also the agent-nouns and adjectives.

a. Examples of action-nouns are: course,  heat;  progress,  brightness,  flow,  song of praise.

b. Examples of agent-nouns etc. are: sharp,  terrible,  mighty,  fuel,  warrior. A single instance from a reduplicated root is powerful. f., with before the suffix, is of doubtful connection.

c. A number of stems in have stems in  beside them, and appear, at least in part, to be transfers from the - to the -declension. Such are, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,.

1167. मि. A very small number of nouns, masculine and feminine, formed with, may be conveniently noticed here.

Thus, from -roots, wave, - action,  f. tube; from others,  relation,  or  f. earth,  sign; also probably  line, ray; and the adjective  (? RV., once).

1168. मन्. The numerous derivatives made with this suffix are almost only action-nouns. The great majority of them are neuter, and accented on the root-syllable; a much smaller number are masculine, and accented on the suffix. The few agent-words are, if nouns, masculine, and have the latter accent: in several instances, a neuter and a masculine, of the one and the other value and accent, stand side by side. The root has in general the -strengthening.

1. a. Examples of regularly formed neuters are: action,  birth,  name,  track,  dwelling,  sacrifice, - splendor.