Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/393

 1003. The same root is allowed to form its intensive stem in more than one way.

Thus, in the older language, and ;  and ;  and  (and );  (and ) and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and ;  and.

1004. The model of normal intensive inflection is the present-system of the reduplicating conjugation-class (642 ff.); and this is indeed to a considerable extent followed, in respect to endings, strengthening of stem, and accent. But deviations from the model are not rare; and the forms are in general of too infrequent occurrence to allow of satisfactory classification and explanation.

a. The most marked irregularity is the frequent insertion of an between the stem and ending. According to the grammarians, this is allowed in all the strong forms before an ending beginning with a consonant; and before the a final vowel has -strengthening, but a medial one remains unchanged.

1005. We will take up the parts of the present-system in their order, giving first what is recognized as regular in the later language, and then showing how the formation appears in the earlier texts. As most grammarians do not allow a middle inflection, and middle forms are few even in the Veda, no attempt will be made to set up a paradigm for the middle voice.

1006. As example of inflection may be taken the root विद् know, of which the intensive stem is वेविद्, or, in strong forms, वेवेद्.

a. Neither from this nor from any other root are more than a few scattering forms actually quotable.