Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/387

 and does after full deliberation. Hence, still more elliptically, after : thus, (Ç.) enough of hesitation;  (R.) so have done with going to the forest.

e. Other less regular constructions are met with, especially in the older language: thus, in the manner of a participle with and the like (268 a), as  (ÇB.) he thought he had hurt him;  (AB.) having sprinkled them with water, he believed himself to have exhausted them; — in the manner of a participle forming a continuous tense with √ (1075 a), as  (AB.) by means of them they keep taking hold of Indra; — as qualifying a subordinate member of the sentence, as  (ÇB.) to the sacrificial cake creeping about, having become a tortoise;  (R.) into Ayodhyā, like a surge that had been foamy and roaring; — even absolutely, as  (ÇB.) when the gods had sacrificed with the guest-offering, strife befel them.

f. As in the two examples before the last, a predicate word with is put in the same case with the subject: thus, further,  (ÇB.) so having thus become this earth he makes offering;  (Vet.) by whom, even when he had become a dwarf. The construction is a rare one.

g. A number of gerunds have their meaning attenuated sometimes to the semblance of a preposition or adverb: such are making a subject of, i. e. respecting, of;  taking, i. e. with;  pointing toward, i. e. at;, arriving at, i. e. along, by;  beginning, i.e. from;  being with, i. e. with;  striking together, i. e. in unison;  using force, i. e. violently;  leaving out etc., i. e. excepting, without; and others. Examples are: (Ç.) I am speaking of Çakuntalā;  (H.) having thrown the cudgel at him;  (H.) for some reason or other.

h. The gerund is in the later language sometimes found in composition, as if a noun-stem: e. g. taking with violence;  existence after death;  separate enunciation;  going together. It is also often repeated (1260), in a distributive sense: e. g. (ÇB.) in each case, after wiping and warming them, he hands them over;  (KÇS.) at each taking;  (Pañc.) every time that they arise.

995. The accusative of a derivative nomen actionis in, used adverbially, assumes sometimes a value and construction so