Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/376

 c. Of roots making participles of both forms, an infinitive stem in only is quotable for  shine, ; only in  for ; in both for  throw,  remove, ,  dwell,.

d. Also in a number of other cases (besides those already noticed) an infinitive stem is made both with and without. Thus, in addition to the more regular form, a stem in is occasionally met with from roots  attain,  seek, ,  obstruct,  , ; and one in  from roots  know. Both forms occur also from certain -roots, namely, and, with before  as in the pple,  and  ( has only , against the analogy of ); further, from certain roots in variable , namely  ,  cover , and   (but from  crush occur only , and from  choose only ; while  swallow and  fill make their infinitive from other root-forms, namely ); further, from a few vowel-roots, namely  ; and finally from.

e. Against the analogy of the participle, infinitive-stems in after a final consonant are made from the roots  and  (the pples coming from  and ),  play and  lament (both ), ; and after a final vowel, from roots in, namely  (also ), and from  and ; as to roots in variable , see just above, d.

f. As the infinitive is made from the (accented and) strengthened root, so it naturally has, as a rule, the stronger or fuller root-form where a weaker or contracted form is taken by the participle (and gerund in ): e. g. against  (and ),  against  (and ),  against  (and ), and so on. Deserving special notice are (√ sing) against, and  (√ suck) against ; and so from  give and  leave are made only  and ; but  put,  measure, and  add to the regular  the late forms -, -, -; and  or  has , and -;  weave (pple ) has both  and ;  or  has , and. The root makes its only quotable infinitive,, from its -form; from  or  occur both  and. The anomalous epic forms (√) and  (√), were mentioned above. The root makes.

g. In the later language, the infinitive-stem forms possessive compounds with and  (especially the former): e. g.  having the wish to sleep,  desirous of sacrificing,  minded to speak.

h. In very rare instances, dative infinitives in or  are