Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/369

 b. As to the accent when the root is preceded by a preposition, see 1085 a.

954. The root before त has usually its weakest form, if there is anywhere in the verbal system a distinction of weak and strong forms. Thus:

a. A penultimate nasal is not seldom dropped: examples are (√),  (√),  (√),  (√),  (√),  (√).

b. Roots which are abbreviated in the weak forms of the perfect (794) suffer the same abbreviation here: examples are (√),  (√ shine),  (√: also ),  (√),  (√),  (√),  (√); — and, by a similar procedure, √ (or ) makes, √ makes  (beside the regular ), and √ boil makes  (beside ).

c. Final is weakened to  in  (√ sing),  (√ suck),  (√ drink), ; and  are made from the roots, (or  etc.); — and further to  in  (beside ),  (√ divide and  bind),  (? √ sleep),  (√ put: with  for ; but  also occurs in V.),  (√ measure),  (also ),.

d. A final is lost after  in  (from √ etc.); and a final  in. As to the other roots in and  taking, see 955 a, b.

e. More isolated cases are - (RV.: √), or  (√ weave),  (also : √),  (referred to √). As to - and, see 233 f.

f. On the other hand, √ makes.

955. Of more irregular character are the following:

a. A number of roots ending in retain the nasal, and lengthen the radical vowel (as also in some others of their verbal forms): thus,  (√ be quiet),  (from √ etc.); and one in,  sound, makes.

b. A few roots in make their participle from another root-form in : thus,, -;  has both  and.

c. Certain roots in take their -form (765 a): thus,  (√ play), ; but √ makes -.

d. From roots in changeable (generally taking : 957 b) are made also  (√ fill: beside ),  and  (√ crush); and  is further made from √ mix.