Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/350

 roots have both active and middle forms in the older language, and of these a part only exceptionally in the one voice or the other.

a. No rule appears to govern the choice of usage between the - and the -aorist; and in no small number of cases the same root shows forms of both classes.

904. Irregularities are to be noticed as follows:

a. The contracted forms, and (with augmentless ) are found in 1st sing. act.

b. For occurs in AV. ; also (in a part of the manuscripts) for ;  is found in AB. (also the monstrous form : see 801 i). , with short in the ending, occurs in TS.

c. AV. has once, without.

d. The forms (RV.),  (AV.), and  (TA.), though they lack the sibilant, are perhaps to be referred to this aorist: compare, 908. A few similar cases occur in the epics, and are of like doubtful character: thus,, and (the causative: 1048). and and, if not false readings for -, are probably irregular present-formations.

905. As usual, augmentless indicative forms of this aorist are more common than proper subjunctives. Examples, of all the persons found to occur (and including all the accented words), are, in the active: and ; — in the middle:. The accent is on the root-syllable (, AV. once, is doubtless an error).

906. a. Of subjunctive forms with primary endings occur only the 1st sing. act. , and the 1st pl. mid. (with unstrengthened ) and.

b. Forms with secondary endings are almost limited to 2d and 3d sing. act. There are found:. They are made, it will be noticed, with entire regularity, by adding to the tense-stem in  before the endings. The only other persons found to occur are the 3d pl. act. and mid. (and TS. has ,