Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/327

 from √. Often the second, or second and third, class is represented by only an isolated form or two.

828. This is, of the three principal divisions of aorist, the one least removed from the analogy of forms already explained; it is like an imperfect, of the root-class or of the -class, without a corresponding present indicative, but with (more or less fragmentarily) all the other parts which go to make up a complete present-system.

829. a. This formation is in the later language limited to a few roots in आ and the root भू, and is allowed to be made in the active only, the middle using instead the -aorist (4), or the -aorist (5).

b. The roots in आ take उस्  as 3d pl. ending, and, as usual, lose their आ  before it; भू  (as in the perfect: 793 a) retains its vowel unchanged throughout, inserting व्  after it before the endings अम्  and अन्  of 1st sing. and 3d pl. Thus:

For the classical Sanskrit, this is the whole story.

830. In the Veda, these same roots are decidedly the most frequent and conspicuous representatives of the formation: especially the roots drink, ; while sporadic forms are made from. As to their middle forms, see below, 834 a.

a. Instead of, RV. has twice. BhP. has, 3d pl., instead of.

831. But aorists of the same class are also made from a number of roots in, and a few in - and -vowels (short or long) —