Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/321

 of the perfect indicative), and would take either primary or secondary endings; and the optative mode-stems would be in the active, and  (accent on personal endings) in the middle.

And the great majority of the forms in question (about three quarters) are made in these ways. Thus:

810. Examples of the regular subjunctive formation are:

a. with secondary endings, active: 2d sing., ; 3d sing., ; 1st pl., ; 3d pl., (other persons do not occur). This is the largest class of cases.

b. with primary endings, active: here seem to belong only and : compare the formation with different accent below, 811 a.

c. of middle forms occur only the 3d sing., (SV.; RV. has ); and the 3d pl. (and perhaps two or three others: below, 811 b, end).

811. But not a few subjunctives of other formation occur; thus:

a. With strengthened root-syllable, as above, but with accent on the reduplication (as in the majority of present-forms of the reduplicating class: above, 645). Here the forms with primary endings, active, preponderate, and are not very rare: for example, (other persons do not occur). With secondary endings,, and are the forms that belong most distinctly here (since  and  etc. are perhaps rather aorists). And there is no middle form but (RV.: see above, 810 c).

b. With unstrengthened root-syllable occur a small body of forms, which are apparently also accented on the reduplication (accented examples are found only in 3d pl. mid.): thus, active, for example, ; the only middle forms are, 3d sing.; and (with , which might also belong elsewhere: 810 c).

c. Accented on the ending are and  (which are rather to be called augmentless pluperfects).

d. As to forms with double mode-sign, or transfers to an -conjugation, see below, 815.

812. Examples of the regular optative formation are:

a. In active: 1st sing., ; 2d sing., ; 3d sing., ; 2d du., ; 1st pl., ; 3d pl.,. The forms are quite numerous.