Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/295



741. The endings अन्त् and मान  are added to the present-stem, with loss, before the former, of the final stem-vowel: thus, act. भवन्त् (fem. भवन्ती ); mid. भवमान.

a. A small number of middle participles appear to be made from stems of this class (as of other -classes: see 752 e, 1043 f) by the suffix instead of : thus,  (all epic),  and  (later); and there are Vedic examples (as  or, all RV.) of which the character, whether present or aorist, is doubtful: compare 840, 852.

742. An example of the imperfect inflection is:

743. No forms in are made in this tense from any -class. Examples of augmentless forms (which are not uncommon) are:. The subjunctively used forms of 2d and 3d sing. act. are more frequent than those of either of the proper subjunctive persons.

744. A far larger number of roots form their present-system according to the -class than according to any of the other classes: in the RV., they are about two hundred and forty (nearly two fifths of the whole body of roots); in the AV., about two hundred (nearly the same proportion); for the whole language, the proportion is still larger, or nearly one half the whole number of present-stems: namely, over two hundred in both earlier and later language, one hundred and seventy-five in the older alone, nearly a hundred and fifty in the later alone. Among these are not a few transfers from the classes of the first conjugation: see those classes above. There are no roots ending in long — except a few which make an -stem in some anomalous way: below, 749 a.