Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/242

 ;. No examples have been found from a nasal-class verb (690), nor any other than those here given from a passive, intensive, or desiderative. The few accented cases indicate that the formation follows the general rule for one made with an accented ending (552).

b. The imperative in is not a very rare formation in the older language, being made (in V., B., and S.) from about fifty roots, and in toward a hundred and fifty occurrences. Later, it is very unusual: thus, only a single example has been noted in MBh., and one in R.; and correspondingly few in yet more modern texts.

571. As regards its meaning, this form appears to have prevailingly in the Brāhmaṇas, and traceably but much less distinctly in the Vedic texts, a specific tense-value added to its mode-value — as signifying, namely, an injunction to be carried out at a later time than the present: it is (like the Latin forms in and ) a posterior or future imperative.

a. Examples are: (ÇB.) say to her "come to me as I stand just here," and [afterward] announce her to us as having come;  (RV.) when thou shalt stand upright, [then] bestow riches here (and similarly in many cases);  (AV.) be a carrier up the ascent; after having carried up, run back again;  (TS.) the tree will ascend thee, [then] take note of it.

b. Examples of its use as other than 2d sing. are as follows: 1st sing., (AV.; only case) let me watch till daybreak; as 3d sing.,  (TS.) let wealth come again to me,  (ÇB.) the king here shall make his head fly off; as 2d du.,  (RV.) the gods said to the two Açvins "bring them back again"; as 2d pl.,  (TS.) ye waters, announce us to the gods as well-doers. In the later language, the prevailing value appears to be that of a 3d sing.: thus, (MBh.) may your worship do the favor,  (DKC.) let your excellency protect him.

c. According to the native grammarians, the imperative in is to be used with a benedictive implication. No instance of such use appears to be quotable.

d. In a certain passage repeated several times in different Brāhmaṇas and Sūtras, and containing a number of forms in used as 2d pl.,  is read instead of  in some of the texts (K. AB. AÇS. ÇÇS.). No other occurrence of the ending has been anywhere noted.