Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/199

 a. The feminine stems of these two participles are विदुषी and तस्थुषी.

b. Other examples of the different stems are:

from √ —, , , ;

from √ —, , , ;

from √ —, , , ;

from √ —, , ,.

462. a. In the oldest language (RV.), the vocative sing. masc. (like that of and -stems: above, 454 b) has the ending  instead of : thus,  (changed to - in a parallel passage of AV.),, ,.

b. Forms from the middle stem, in, are extremely rare earlier: only three ( and , neut. sing., and , instr. pl.), are found in RV., and not one in AV. And in the Veda the weakest stem (not, as later, the middle one) is made the basis of comparison and derivation: thus,, , ,.

c. An example or two of the use of the weak stem-form for cases regularly made from the strong are found in RV.: they are, acc. sing., and, nom. pl.;, by its accent (unless an error), is rather from a derivative stem ; and ÇB. has. Similar instances, especially from, are now and then met with later (see BR., under ).

d. The AV. has once, as if a participial form from a noun; but K. and TB. give in the corresponding passage ; (RV., once) is of doubtful character;  (RV., once) shows a reversion to guttural form of the final of √, elsewhere unknown.