Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/174

 390. Monosyllabic stems have the regular accent of such, throwing the tone forward upon the endings in the weak cases.

a. But the accusative plural has its normal accentuation as a weak case, upon the ending, in only a minority (hardly more than a third) of the stems: namely in, , , , , , , , , ; and sometimes in , , , , , , , , , (beside  etc.).

b. Exceptional instances, in which a weak case has the tone on the stem, occur as follows:, , (also ) and ,  (infin.),  and , , , , ,  and  (but ), , and  and  (in , ). On the other hand, a strong case is accented on the ending in, nom. pl., and (AV.: perhaps a false reading). And, instr. sing., is accented as if were a simple stem, instead of -. is of doubtful character. For the sometimes anomalous accentuation of stems in or, see 410.

391. Examples of inflection. As an example of normal monosyllabic inflection, we may take the stem वाच् f. voice (from √वच्, with constant prolongation); of inflection with strong and weak stem, पद्  m. foot; of polysyllabic inflection, मरुत् , m. wind or wind-god; of a monosyllabic root-stem in composition, त्रिवृत् , three-fold, in the neuter. Thus: