Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/168

 b. The peculiar Vedic forms have been sufficiently instanced above; the only ones of other than sporadic occurrence being the nom. etc. du. ,, , and the gen. pl. of ,.

c. The nom. pl. forms and  etc. are found used also as accus. in the epics.

374. The stem m. jackal (lit'ly howler) substitutes in the middle cases the corresponding forms of.

375. Neuter forms. The grammarians prescribe a complete neuter declension also for bases in, precisely accordant with that of or  (above, 339, 341). Thus, for example: a. The weakest cases, however (as of - and -stems used adjectively: 344), are allowed also to be formed like the corresponding masculine cases: thus, etc.

b. No such neuter forms chance to occur in the Veda, but they begin to appear in the Brāhmaṇas, under influence of the common tendency (compare Germ. Retter, Retterin; Fr. menteur, menteuse) to give this nomen agentis a more adjective character, making it correspond in gender with the noun which it (appositively) qualifies. Thus, we have in TB. and, qualifying ; and and , qualifying ; as, in M., , qualifying.

c. When a feminine noun is to be qualified in like manner, the usual feminine derivative in is employed: thus, in TB.,  and,  and , qualifying  and ; and such instances are not uncommon.

d. The RV. shows the same tendency very curiously once in the accus. pl., instead of , in apposition with masculine nouns (RV. x. 35.2).

e. Other neuter forms in RV. are gen. sing.,  loc. sing.; and for the nom. sing., instead of -, a few more or less doubtful cases,, ,.

376. a. There are no original adjectives of this declension: for the quasi-adjectival character of the nouns composing it, see above (375 b). The feminine stem is made by the suffix : thus,,.

b. Roots ending in (like those in  and : 345) add a  to make a declinable stem, when occurring as final member of a