Page:Sanskrit Grammar by Whitney p1.djvu/143

{|class=_sgtable !A.
 * कामान्


 * देवान्


 * आस्यानि

!I.
 * कामैस्


 * देवैस्


 * आस्यैस्

!D. Ab.
 * कामेभ्यस्


 * देवेभ्यस्


 * आस्येभ्यस्

!G.
 * कामानाम्


 * देवानाम्


 * आस्यानाम्

!L.
 * कामेषु


 * देवेषु


 * आस्येषु


 * }

Examples of the peculiar Vedic forms are:

a. Sing.: instr. , (such genitive forms as  are purely sporadic).

b. Du.: nom. etc. masc. ; gen.-loc. (stem ).

c. Pl.: nom.-voc. masc. ; neut. ; instr. ; gen.,.

331. Among nouns, there are no irregularities in this declension. For irregular numeral bases in (or ), see 483-4. For the irregularities of pronominal stems in, which are more or less fully shared also by a few adjectives of pronominal kindred, see the chapter on Pronouns (495 ff.).

332. Original adjectives in are an exceedingly large class, the great majority of all adjectives. There is, however, no such thing as a feminine stem in ; for the feminine, the is changed to  — or often, though far less often, to ; and its declension is then like that of  or  (364). An example of the complete declension of an adjective -stem in the three genders will be given below (368).

a. Whether a masc.-neut. stem in shall form its feminine in  or in  is a question to be determined in great part only by actual usage, and not by grammatical rule. Certain important classes of words, however, can be pointed out which take the less common ending of the feminine: thus, 1. the (very numerous) secondary derivatives in with  of the first syllable (1204): e. g., , , ; 2. primary derivatives in with accent on the radical syllable (1150): e. g., , ; 3. primary derivatives in, with strengthening of the radical syllable, having a quasi-participial meaning: e. g. , ,