Page:Roman Constitutional History, 753-44 B.C..djvu/111

Rh Incorporation of Volscian and Campanian Towns. — At the same time the Romans established and confirmed their dominion in the southern Volscian and the Campanian territories. The towns were for the most part given citizenship without political rights, but the nobility of Capua received full citizenship. The administration of justice seems in general to have been in the charge of Roman officials (praefecti jure dicundo). At any rate, this was the case in later times.

In consequence of the increased number of Roman citizens and the assignments of land, especially in the Latin territory, two new districts (tribus) were organized in 332. Afterward numerous allotments of land in the Privernate and Falernian regions led to the formation of two more districts in 318.

New Latin Colonies, — As a final measure, to insure their dominion in this part of Italy, the Romans founded a Latin colony at Cales in 334, and afterward another at Fregellae. They gave to these new colonies (coloniae novae) the privileges of the older colonies, but apparently with the exception that, on returning to Rome, their inhabitants were not to become Roman citizens unless each had left a son in his respective colony. The fifteen Latin colonies founded in 334-273 were established on these terms.

The Last Latin Colonies of the Republic. — The last twelve Latin colonies founded during the republic did not obtain the right of intermarriage with Rome, and their citizens could secure Roman citizenship only by filling magistracies in their respective colonies. Of these colonies Ariminum (founded in 268) was the first, and Aquileia (established in 181), the thirty-ninth of the whole number, was the last.