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Rh found in the writer’s beautiful landscapes. Taking it as a whole, we hardly know how far it is intended as a work of art for the sake of art, or whether it has a moral intention.

Tolstoy himself did not know. On the 4th of February, 1858, when he read his essay of admittance before the Muscovite Society of Amateurs of Russian Literature, he chose for his subject the defence of art for art’s sake. It was the president of the Society, Khomiakov, who, after saluting in Tolstoy “the representative of purely artistic literature,” took up the defence of social and moral art.

A year later the death of his dearly-loved brother, Nikolas, who succumbed to phthisis at Hyeres, on the 19th of September, 1860, completely overcame