Page:Report on the geology of the four counties, Union, Snyder, Mifflin and Juniata (IA reportongeologyo00dinv).pdf/376

348 F³.

This township occupies a somewhat irregular area between Tuscarora mountain and Flintstone ridge, south and north, and Delaware township and the Juniata river on the east and west.

Its north line is a common one with Fermanagh and Fayette, 7 miles along Flintstone ridge ; its east line, common with Delaware township, 7½ miles long, crossing the Tuscarora valley and the Juniata river from Flintstone ridge to Tuscarora mountain. Its south line is only 3 miles long on the crest of Tuscarora mountain, owing to the convergence of its east and west boundaries; while the west line is formed by the Juniata river from a point about one-half mile below Mifflintown to Tuscarora station on the Pennsylvania railroad just where the Juniata is turned eastward by the flank of the Tuscarora mountain the line running straight from the point, a mile in length and nearly north and south to the crest. It will thus be seen to have an average length of about 6 miles and an average width of about 5 miles, enclosing an area of approximately 30 square miles.

The Juniata river flows through it for about 8 miles and drains the entire township by means of small brooks entering it from the north and south.

Mexico and Van Wert are the only settlements within its border lines, both of them being small villages; the first situated on the north bank of the river at the mouth of Doe run, and the latter towards the northeastern section of the township upon the right hand fork of the same stream.

The main structural features of the township are the same as those of Delaware, consisting primarily of the Tuscarora and East Salem synclinals, both of which hold the Devonian, Oriskany and Lewistown limestone formations and are separated from each other by the Academia anticlinal, just bringing up the Ore sandstone at the river and sinking eastward towards Delaware township, where it contains only the upper portion of the upper Salina rocks Vc′.

The Tuscarora mountain on the south is an anticlinal of red and white Medina sandstone, IVb and IVc, the town-