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 234 Readings in European History 312. Opposi- I mentioned before an attempt to bring in our English tionofthe church service into Scotland, which made a great hubbub Scotch to ... the church there, and was repelled with much violence by the common service intro- people, though women appeared most in action, flinging Chariest their stools at the bishop, and renting his episcopal gar- ments off him as he went forth of the church, others fling- ing stones at him in the streets, so that if the earl of Roxborough had not sought to quiet them, and received him into his coach, they had stoned him to death. A sec- ond attempt hath been made, of which fresh news is come thence to the court, wherein they have sped worse. Besides, some of the nobles and many of the gentry and better sort appear in it, who withstand it with greater violence than before, so that there is no hope that it will be effected. By the war with the Scotch, Charles was placed in a sad financial plight, and was forced to summon Parlia- ment again in order to raise money. 1 A Scotch army was in the north of England, remaining inactive only on condition that .£850 a day was paid them for mainte- nance. This money Charles could not secure unless he yielded to the demands of Parliament for reform and the redress of grievances. It was thus that the important measures of the Long Parliament during the first months of its existence were accepted under compulsion by the king. The conviction that the king had not surrendered of his own free will produced a deep distrust of his motives and actions, which continued throughout the civil war and until his execution. 313. Sum- mary of the work of the Long Parlia- ment in 1641. (From Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson.) They [the Parliament] began by throwing down monop- olies, and then impeached the earl of Strafford of high treason, who, after a solemn trial and hot disputes on both 1 The so-called " Short " Parliament was summoned in April, 1640, but in three weeks was dissolved by the irritated king. The sessions of the " Long" Parliament began in November, 1640.