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 II The Culture of the Middle Ages 465 to that of Gaston Paris for France. SCHERER, A History of German Literature, is fairly good. LAMPRECHT, Deutsche Geschichte, Vol. Ill, may be added. A very useful recent work on the architecture, etc., of France is ENLART, Manuel d'archeologiefran^aise depuis les temps Merovingiens jusqti'a la Renaissance, 1902^^. Vol. I on the religious structures, Vol. II on the civil and military architecture. Well illustrated. The chief collection of sources for the university life in western Europe is the Chartularium universitatis Parisiensis, edited by DENIFLE and CHATELAIN, 1889 sqq. Vol. I comes down to the latter part of the thirteenth century, when the material becomes much more abun- dant. In addition to Rashclall's work, mentioned above, beyond which few will care to go, may be mentioned DENIFLE, Die Entstehung der Universitaten des Mittelalters, which served to dispel many ancient illusions in regard to the subject, and KAUFMANN, Die Geschichte der deutschen Universitaten, Vol. I ; also CLERVAL, Les Ecoles de Chartres au may en Age, 1895. The Opus Majus of ROGER BACON, edited with introduction and Roger analytical table by J. H. BRIDGES, 2 vols., Oxford, 1897. The analysis Bacon's which fills pp. xciii-olxxxvii is so full and satisfactory that it almost wor s> takes the place of a condensed translation. For several of the other important works of Bacon, one must turn to FR. ROGERI BACON Opera quaedam hactenus inedita, edited by J. S. BREWER (Rolls Series), 1859. This volume contains the Opus tertium, the Opus minus, and the Compenditim philosophiae. Brewer's introduction is valuable. Something was said of the writings of Aquinas and the theologians at the close of Chapter XVI, above, p. 370.