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 The HoJienstaufen Emperors and the Popes 311 BLONDEL, Etude sur la politique de Vempereur Frederic II en Alle- magne, 1892. Excellent. ZELLER, L 1 Empereur Frederic II et la chute de V empire germanique du moyen Age, 1885. LOSERTH, Geschichte des spdteren Mittelalters, 1903. An admirable general account of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with remark- able bibliographies. OTTO OF FREISING'S Deeds of Frederick was continued after hs The sources death by his secretary, RAHEWIN, and carried down to 1160. (In the octavo edition of the Monumenta, and in the Geschichtschreiber, Vols. LIX-LX.) Gesta Frederici I imperatoris in Lorn bar dia, auctore ci-ve Mediolanensi, edited by Holder-Egger, 1892. An Italian account of Frederick's invasions. Greater Annals of Cologne (see above, p. 296). (In the octavo edition, and the Geschichtschreiber, Vol. LXIX.) Comes down to 1237 ; of great importance for the Hohenstaufen period. Chronicon Urspergense (to 1229). (In the octavo edition.) Brief, but excellent for opening of thirteenth century. The Chronicle of Arnold of Liibeck, an abbot who died in 1212, is especially valuable for the end of the twelfth and the opening of the thirteenth century. In Book IV, Chapter XIX, there is a very amusing letter written by Henry VI's chancellor to his old teacher, narrating his experiences in Italy. He describes Virgil's achievements as a magician, and exhibits the direst confusion in his classical reminiscences. For example, he discovers both Parnassus and Olympus in Italy. (In the Monumenta, and in the Geschichtschreiber, Vol. LXXI.) The Libelli de lite (mentioned above, p. 295), are useful for this period. HuiLLARD-BREHOLLES, Historia diplomatica Friderici II, 6 vols., 1861. A collection of the documents relating to the reign of Frederick, with a volume which serves as an introduction. JAFFE'S Regesta pontificum, referred to above, p. 85, closes with 1198. A similar work, beginning with the pontificate of Innocent III, has been prepared for the thirteenth century by Potthast, 2 vols., Berlin. Since the opening of the Vatican library to scholars, the French school at Rome and other learned bodies have undertaken a series of publications of sources relating to the papacy. For an excellent account of these enterprises, see an article by Professor Haskins in the American Historical Review, Vol. II.