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 xxx Contents and List of Citations CHAPTER XXI THE POPES AND THE COUNCILS I. Might the Civil Government tax the Church Prop- erty? PAGE 205. The bull Clericis Laicos 488 Rymer's Foedera (ed. of 1727), II, 706 sq. II. Marsiglio of Padua and his Defender of Peace 206. Analysis of the Defensor pads 491 Defensor pacts, Lib. iii and Lib. ii, c. 16 (end), in Goldast, Monarchia Romani imperii, etc., 1611-1614, Tom. II III. Wycliffe's Attack on Pope and Clergy 207. Wycliffe on the evil state of the clergy 497 Select English Works of John Wycliffe; ed. by Thomas Arnold, Clarendon Press, 1869-1871, 3 vols. : I, 208 sq. II, 30 sq. 208. Wycliffe on auricular confession, etc. . 499 Ibid. II, 87 sq. and 169 sq. 209. Statement of the views of Wycliffe's followers. . . 500 Ibid. II, 457 sqq. IV. The Popes at Avignon. Origin of the Great Schism 210. Letter of Petrarch's describing the papal court at Avignon 502 PETRARCHA Opera omnia, Basel, 1581, " Epistolae sine titulo," V 211. Beginning of the schism in holy Church 504 FROISSART (as above, No. 197), cc. 326 sq.; Globe ed., 207 sqq. 212. Nicholas of Clamanges on the three chief vices in the Church. 508 Von der Hardt, Magnum Constantiense concilium, I, Pt. III, pp. 7 and 88 213. How corruption spread from the prelates to the lower clergy 510 DIETRICH VRIE, Ibid. Tom. I, pp. 104 sq. V. The Council of Constance 214. The decree Sacrosancta 511 Von der Hardt (as above, No. 212), Tom. IV, p. 98 215. The decree Frequens 512 Ibid. Tom. IV, p. 98 (1436) 216. List of abuses discussed at Constance. . . . . -5*3 Ibid. Tom, IV (1452)