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 Charlemagne 137 an army has need. In the carts you must also have sup- plies of food for three months, dating from the time of the assembly, and arms and clothing for a half year. We order you to attend carefully to all these things so that you may proceed peacefully to the aforesaid place. For through whatever part of our realm your journey shall take you, you shall not presume to take anything but fodder, food, and water. Let the men of each one of your vassals march along with the carts and horsemen, and let the leader always be with them until they reach the aforesaid place, so that the absence of a lord may not give to his men an opportunity of doing evil. . . . V. CHARLEMAGNE'S INCOME FROM HIS FARMS We desire that each steward shall make an annual state- ment of all our income, giving an account of our lands culti- vated by the oxen which our own plowmen drive and of our lands which the tenants of farms ought to plow ; of the pigs, of the rents, of the obligations and fines; of the game taken in our forests without our permission ; of the various composi- tions ; of the mills, of the forest, of the fields, of the bridges and ships ; of the free men and the districts under obligations to our treasury; of markets, vineyards, and those who owe wine to us; of the hay, firewood, torches, planks, and other kinds of lumber; of the waste lands; of the vegetables, mil- let, panic; of the wool, flax, and hemp; of the fruits of the trees; of the nut trees, larger and smaller; of the grafted trees of all kinds ; of the gardens ; of the turnips ; of the fish ponds ; of the hides, skins, and horns ; of the honey and wax ; of the fat, tallow, and soap ; of the mulberry wine, cooked wine, mead, vinegar, beer, and wine, new and old; of the new grain and the old ; of the hens and eggs ; of the geese ; of the number of fishermen, workers in metal, sword makers, and shoemakers ; of the bins and boxes ; of the turn- ers and saddlers; of the forges and mines, that is, of iron, lead, or other substances ; of the colts and fillies. They shall make all these known to us, set forth separately and in 61. Extracts from the Capitulary de Villis, issued in the year 800 or earlier.