Page:Race distinctions in American Law (IA racedistinctions00stepiala).pdf/38

 still others, one who has as much as one-fourth Negro blood.

The following diagram will probably clarify these definitions:

G.G.F. G.G.M. G.G.F. G.G.M. G.G.F. G.G.M. G.G.F. G.G.M. III  A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H       \    /        \    /        \    /        \    / \ /          \  /          \  /          \  /         \/            \/            \/            \/        G.F.          G.M.          G.F.          G.M. II       I             J             K             L          \           /               \           / \        /                 \         /            \       /                   \       /             \     /                     \     /              \   /                       \   /               \ /                         \ / I               F                           M                M\                         /N \                      /                   \                     /                    \                   /                     \                 /                      \               /                       \             /                        \           /                         \         /                          \       /                           \     /                            \   /                             \ /                              X

Suppose it is desired to ascertain whether the son X is a white person or a Negro. The first generation above him is that of his parents, M and N. If either of them is white and the other a Negro, X has one-half Negro blood and would be considered a Negro everywhere. The second generation is that of his grandparents, I, J, K, and L. If any one of them is a Negro and the other three white, X has one-fourth Negro blood, and would be considered a Negro in every State except possibly Ohio. The third generation is that of his great-grandparents, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. If any one of these eight great-grandparents is a Negro, X has one-eighth Negro blood and would be considered a Negro in every State which defines