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 {|cellspacing=10 width="100%" border="0" through a liquid-liquid heat exchanger. Heat was radiated into space through radiator tubes on the outside of the instrument-service module. These gave it its characteristic ribbed appearance. The auxiliary loop connected with the Salyut thermal control system. It maintained temperature in the Soyuz Ferry crew compartment while it was docked to the station and powered down. Spacecraft surfaces
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not occupied by sensors, antennas, and engines (including those surfaces under the radiator panels on the service module) were covered with “packets of vacuum shielded thermal insulation.”

The life support system provided life support for only a few days. It was modified from the earlier Soyuz to support space suits. Emergency supplies carried in the event that the


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descent module landed in an unpopulated area were also part of the life support system. While the Soyuz Ferry was docked to a Salyut, the life support system was turned off. An air duct (a rubberized fabric sleeve) was run from the Salyut through the open hatch into the Soyuz to keep its air from becoming stale.
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1.8.4 Soyuz Ferry Mission Descriptions
Dates are launch to landing.

1.8.4.1 Soyuz Ferry Test Missions
{|cellspacing=5 border="0" This was a unique mission using a Soyuz spacecraft with solar arrays. There is some question as to whether this mission should be grouped with the Soyuz Ferries. Soyuz 13 was not intended to dock with a station—no Soviet stations
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 * width="150px" align="left" |Soyuz 13
 * width="405px" align="right" |December 18-26, 1973
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 * width="555px" align="left" colspan="2" |Pyotr Klimuk, Valentin Lebedev Crew code name—Kavkaz
 * width="555px" align="left" colspan="2" |Pyotr Klimuk, Valentin Lebedev Crew code name—Kavkaz