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 ‘time’, M.Ir. am, amm; α꞉məd, ‘timber’, M.Ir. admat; dʹrʹαm, ‘crowd, set’, M.Ir. dremm; kαm, ‘bent’, O.Ir. camm; ko̤mə, ‘indif&shy;ferent’, O.Ir. cumme; kro̤m, ‘bent’, M.Ir. cromm; kʹïmαχ, ‘clout, lout’, Di. Macbain ciomach, cp. O.Ir. cimbid; Lo̤m, ‘bare’, O.Ir. lomm; o̤mlαn, ‘whole’, M.Ir. imlán; o̤mpər, ‘to carry’, M.Ir. immchor; to̤m, ‘bush’, M.Ir. tomm; tro̤m, ‘heavy’, M.Ir. tromm.

m also stands after r and l in αrəm, ‘army’, O.Ir. arm; kαləmə, ‘bold, brave’, M.Ir. calma; kɔləmαn, ‘dove’.

In the ending of the first pers. sing. of the pres. ind. the palatal&shy;isation has been given up by analogy with pronom&shy;inal forms like ɔrəm, ‘upon me’, lʹïm, ‘with me’, which have them&shy;selves been followed by w⅄꞉m, ‘from me’, O.Ir. uaimm. Examples—Lʹeijəm, ‘I read’, Wi. legim, also = legaim, ‘I melt’; Lo꞉rʹəm, ‘I speak’, M.Ir. labraim; nʹi꞉m, ‘I do’. Cp. the Scotch G. ending ‑am of the first sing. of the imper&shy;ative, Gillies, Gaelic Grammar² p. 85.

m arises from w in mər, ‘your’, O.Ir. bar, cp. G. J. 1891 p. 79. According to Zimmer (Sitzungs&shy;ber. d. Berl. Akad. 6 iv 1905 p. 4) the m is due to the fact that the form would frequent&shy;ly be nasalised by the eclipse n. It seems to me more likely that the prepo&shy;sition əN in phrases of the type tα꞉ ʃɛ əN αr heivirʹ has given rise to the form with m. Cp. the forms nar for ar, ‘our’, in Antrim (G. J. 1892 p. 123), Meath (Duffy, Mion&shy;chaint na Midhe p. 4) and Manx (Rhys p. 142), and núr for bhur in Waterford. Also kʹαNəmαn dUχɔsαχ, ‘orchid’ (?), < Di. ceannbhán.

Sporadically Donegal m corresponds to mh in the other dialects, e.g. Nʹαmɔrt, ‘careless&shy;ness’, Di. neamháird, Derry People 2 xii ’05 p. 2 col. 5 leader has neamart; so꞉məs, ‘pleasant ease’, Di. sámhas, M.Ir. sám, so꞉məsαχ ‘drowsy’; tʹiLʹəmwi꞉ in tα꞉ mʹɛ əN α hiLʹəmwi꞉, ‘I am in his power, dependent on him’, tʹiLʹəmwiαχ, ‘dependent’, Nʹα̃uhiLʹəmwiαχ, ‘indepen&shy;dent’, seems to be connected with Di. tuilleamh, ‘wages’, M.Ir. tuillem, O’R. tuilleamh&shy;nach, ‘a hireling’; u꞉məlædʹ, ‘capacity’, Di. umhlóid (§ ). Further dʹαrəməd, ‘forgetful&shy;ness’, O.Ir. dermet = Munster dearmhad, Manx jarrood, with m < mʹ with which compare o̤məd, ‘a number’, O.Ir. imbed.

A voiceless m with strongly breathed off-glide occurs in a few words, mainly futures, e.g. ko̤m̥ə mʹə, ‘I shall compose, invent’; kro̤m̥ə mʹə, ‘I shall bend’; Lo̤m̥wi ʃə, ‘he will shear,