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 Examples—hα꞉rLy꞉, M.Ir. tarla. kα꞉rN, ‘heap’, M.Ir. carn; bʹα꞉rN, ‘gap’, M.Ir. bern; dɔ꞉rN, ‘fist’, M.Ir. dorn; kʹαhər NαχkʹαhərNαχ [sic] ‘small, impudent person’. bʹαrt, ‘burden’, Meyer bert; kʹαrt, ‘right’, M.Ir. cert. α꞉rd, ‘high’, O.Ir. árd. kõ꞉rLʹə, ‘advice’, O.Ir. comairle; kαbərLʹi꞉nʹ, ‘small, saucy-mouthed person or animal’; mαgərLʹə, ‘testicles’, M.Ir. macraille; α꞉rNʹə, ‘sloe’, Meyer airne; α꞉rNʹαl, ‘sitting up late’, M.Ir. airne; dïrNʹi꞉nʹ, ‘handle’, Di. doirnín; hαrNʹ ʃɛ, ‘he drew’, M.Ir. tairrngim; kα꞉rNʹ, gen. sing. of kα꞉rN, ‘heap’; kɔrNʹαl, ‘corner’; kʹlʹiʃmʹərNʹi꞉, ‘starting up in sleep’, Di. s. clisim; Lo̤bərNʹə, ꬶɔl əN L., ‘to go to rack and ruin’; mα꞉rNʹαlαχ, ‘sailor’, Di. mair&shy;néalach; mo̤rNʹi꞉nʹ, ‘darling’, M.Ir. múirn, muirn; dʹα sαhərNʹ, ‘Saturday’, M.Ir. dia sathairnd; tα꞉rNʹαχ, ‘thunder’, cp. Wi. tornech; tα꞉rNʹə, ‘nail’, M.Ir. tairnge; also in tαrgirʹαχt, ‘prophecy’, O.Ir. tairngire. bαgərtʹ, ‘to threaten’; gɔrtʹɔg, ‘slight injury, sprain’; kæʃmʹərtʹ, ‘squabble’, Meyer caismert; ko̤nərtʹ, ‘hounds’, M.Ir. conairt (dat.); ku꞉rtʹ, ‘visit’, O.Ir. cúairt; spαrtʹ, ‘turf that has lain for a year without being raised’ (also called spαdər), spαrtʹ viNʹdʹə, ‘milk curdled with rennet’, Di. spairt; skαrtʹ, ‘a shout’, Di. scairt. o̤rdʹə, ‘height’, M.Ir. arde; α꞉rdʹ, ‘point of the sky’, M.Ir. aird; o̤rdʹ, plur. of ɔ꞉rd, ‘sledge-hammer’, M.Ir. ord; also kαrəʃ ·kʹrʹi꞉stə, ‘sponsor’, Meyer cairdes Críst.

For fαrəgʹə, ‘sea’, O.Ir. fairggæ, foirrce see Pedersen p. 117. Similarly gʹïrə, compar. of gʹα꞉r, ‘short’, M.Ir. gerr, ib. p. 24.

After n, l < N, L we have perhaps a further trace of R in that r in this position is strongly trilled which we denote by writing a small bar under the letter, thus ṟ. nṟ, lṟ are now-a-days incapable of palatal&shy;isation (except in the case mentioned in § ) and therefore represent both earlier NR, LR and NʹRʹ, LʹRʹ. Examples—so꞉nṟuw, ‘to notice’, so꞉nṟiαχ, ‘remark&shy;able’, Di. sonn&shy;rughadh, O.Ir. sainreth, sainred; ku꞉lṟö̤꞉skαχ, ‘backward’, Di. cúil&shy;riascmhar; ʃiəlṟuw, ‘to claim descent from’, Di. síol&shy;rughadh; αn-ṟifle, ‘a fine rifle’; αnṟo̤d, ‘an excellent thing, a great quantity’; αsəlṟiαχt, ‘perform&shy;ing a spell, enchant&shy;ment’, Di. asarlaidh&shy;eacht; əNə nrɔχχα꞉s, ‘in a bad plight’. nṟ, lṟ are also found in sandhi, e.g. bo̤n ṟïbʹə, ‘a sore with hair growing out of it’, Di. bun ribe; ko̤r fo̤l ṟo꞉nə, ‘to have nose-bleeding’.

In a few words mainly enclitics r represents an older l or n, cp. Diss. pp. 10, 18 and Zimmer, Sitzungs&shy;ber. d. Berl. Akad. 6 iv 1905 p. 3. Examples—mər, ‘as’, O.Ir. amal, amail; mər, ‘unless’, O.Ir. mani; dαrə, ‘second’, O.Ir. indala. Similarly gə mαrəm, if it contains αnəm, ‘soul’, see §.