Page:Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, vol. 25.djvu/632

8 GEOLOGICAL MEMOIRS. several other forms peculiar to strata of less remote age. In one place near Lublau forms from the Klaus-strata are found exclusively characterizing the lowermost beds of the red Crinoidal lime-stone next to the white limestone. The dark-red nodular limestones of Czorstyn include in their upper horizon a fauna similar to that of the Acanthicus-stratsa, and in their inferior one Terebratula diphya and genuine Tithonian Ammonites. The species found in them are:—

Ammonites compsus, Opp.


 * — — iphicerus, Opp.

— — torti-sulcatus, d' Orb.
 * — — Kochi, Opp.


 * — — Calypso, d'Orb.


 * — — Ruppelensis, d'Orb.


 * — — Oegir, Opp.

Ammonites isotypus, Ben.


 * — — quadrisulcatus, d' Orb.

— —montanus, Opp.

— —Achilles, d' Orb.

— —hoplizus, Opp.

Aptychus lamellosus.

Echinoderms.

The species marked* are Tithonian ones, those marked **are characteristic of Acanthicus-strata. The Rogoznik strata include numerous Brachiopods, among which are Terebratula diphya, Col., of unusual size, and T. Bouei, Zeuschn., together with various Cephalopods, such as Ammonites carachtheis, Zeuschn., A. incultus, Opp. (non Beyrich), A. rasilis, Opp., A. Rogoznicensis, Zeuschn., A. Stasiczi, Zeuschn., and an undoubtedly Tithonian flexuose form standing next to A. compsus. Further west clear flesh-coloured limestones with A. semisulcatus, d'Orb., A. Calypso, d'Orb., A. senex, Opp., &c., appear as the probable equivalents of the genuine Rogoznik breccias. The limestones of Czorstyn include A. acanthicus, several other forms of the subdivisions Fimbriati and Planulati, and a probably new species, flattened, much involute, with a broad triangular back, and its sides adorned with a great number of sharp, much curved, and frequently dichotomizing ribs. The presence of A. alternans in the red Crinoidal limestone seems to indicate this deposit to be equivalent to the Bath, Kelloway, and lowermost Oxford strata. [Count M.]

Marine Shells found in the Sands of the Desert of the Kara-kum. By G. von Helmersen.

[Proceed. Imp. Acad. St. Petersburg, March 5, 1868.]

The sand investigated by the author contained well-preserved specimens of Cardium edule and Dreissena polymorpha, both of which still live in the Aral and Caspian Seas. The shells, especially those of Dreissena, are remarkable for their small size. The occurrence of these shells near Ssapak, from which place part of the sand was brought, indicates the former extension of the Aral Sea to a distance of 30 wersts to the east of its present limits; and the author expresses his belief that the entire country from the Aral to the lakes Telekulj-Ata and Karakulj, and beyond these up the River Tschu to the sandy deserts of Majun-kum and Akkum, is an old sea-bottom. " [W. S. D.]