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 OCCUPATIONAL TYPES 327

Movement. As soon as the business men took up the mis sionary propaganda seriously they began to calculate how many people are there in the world who have not heard the Gospel? How many people can a single missionary be ex pected to reach in his life-time? How many missionaries, on this basis, is it necessary to send out in order to carry out the Great Commission in this generation ? How much will it take to support one missionary? Manifestly that would be a business-like carrying out of the Commission; but manifestly also it would be a rather mechanical performance. There are non-measurable and non-calculable elements of the problem which it does not take into consideration, and they are the most vital and spiritual elements in it. In any other sphere this type of mind is likely to proceed in the same way. Often the tendency is to substitute a quanti tative for a qualitative standard. What is a man worth? That means, how many dollars is he worth? The price of a picture often determines its grade as a work of art. It is not such a grossly materialistic attitude of mind as it seems to be ; but indicates rather the necessity for this type of mind of having some calculable measure of excellence, and calculation is a process of measuring things quanti tatively. We must bear in mind the principle that men have the keenest sense of the reality of those things with which they are constantly dealing. It is much the same in estimating results. Concerning any plan, program or movement a man of this mental type wishes to know what will be the &quot; practical result,&quot; and by practical result is meant a result that can be seen, calculated, measured. By this &quot; rough and ready &quot; standard all ideas, theories, doc trines are judged. The development of this type of mind is the inevitable resultant of the fact that in this industrial and commercial age the activities of the great majority of men, and especially the dominant class of men, are chiefly occupied with handling measurable quantities. It is an in teresting fact that with the development of modern industrial capitalism the demand for exactness of measurement and

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