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 (on east of Jamna), and Ambála, Ludhiána, Jalandhar, Amritsar;

(b) The Southern Panjáb Railway via Jínd, Rohtak, Bhatinda, and Ferozepore;

(c) The Delhi-Ambáa-Kálka branch of the East Indian Railway from Delhi through Karnál to Ambala, and thence by the N.W. Railway. This is the shortest route.

The Southern Panjáb Railway also connects Delhi with Karachi through its junction with the N.W. Railway at Samasata to the south of Baháwalpur. Another route is by a line passing through Rewári and the Merta junction Karáchí is the natural seaport of the central and western Panjáb. The S.P Railway now gives an easy connection with Ferozepore and Ludhiána, and the enormous export of wheat, cotton, etc. from the new canal colonies is carried by several lines which converge at Khanewál, a junction on the main line, a little north of Multán.

'''Railways. Minor Lines.'''—The Sind Ságar branch starting from Lála Musa between Lahore and Amritsar with smaller lines taking off further north at Golra and Campbellpur serves the part of the province lying north of the Salt Range. These lines converge at Kundian in the Mianáalí district, and a single line runs thence southwards to points on the Indus opposite Dera Ismail Khán and Dera Gáazi Khán, and turning eastwards rejoins the trunk line at Sher Sháh near Multán, There are a number of branch lines in the plains, some owned by native States. Strategically a very important one is that which crossing the Indus by the Khushálgarh bridge unites Rawalpindi with Kohát. The only hill railway is that from Kálka to Simla. A second is now under construction which, when completed, will connect Ráwalpindi with Srinagar. All these lines with the