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 secretary to the Commander-in-Chief, is admitted free.” He and his sons are recognised in his brother’s will as presumptive heirs in the event of the brother’s own descendants failing. [One of these sons was Maynard (named after his ducal patron), who died in Ireland in February 1719 (n.s.), and is styled “late of Chelsea.”]

For twenty-eight years he was one of the Commissioners of Salt. On 9th December 1714, Benjamin Mildmay, John Danvers, Thomas Woodcock, James Cardonnel, and Charles Dent, Esqs., were appointed Commissioners for the receipt and management of his Majesty’s duties on salt. This Board was reconstituted on 21st November 1715, omitting Danvers, and adding Arthur Ingram, Esq., for duties “upon salt and rock-salt;” and again, on 4th April 1721, the names being Thomas Woodcock, James Cardonnel, Thomas Milner, Esqs.; Sir Thomas Rous, and William Churchhill, jun., Esq. Mr. Cardonnel in his last years was settled in Scotland, and his migration northward is thus explained. Before 1742, fourteen Commissioners of his Majesty’s Customs were appointed for England and Scotland, seven to reside in London, five in Edinburgh, and two to attend to the outports; no particular Commissioners being named for any port, they all resided by turns in the different places. But on 9th September 1742, five Commissioners for Scotland were appointed, namely, George, Lord Ross, Richard Somers, Colin Campbell, James Cardonnel, and Alexander Arbuthnot, Esqs. Mr. Cardonnel occasioned the first vacancy, for he died on nth April 1744. On 18th February 1745 a new Board was gazetted, containing the four surviving commissioners, and Mansfeldt Cardonnel, Esq., in the room of his deceased father. Mansfeldt Cardonnel held this office for thirty-five years; he resided at Musselburgh. Accidentally I met with his name in an old Edinburgh Literary Gazette, in a burlesque action for damages, in which the Lord Justice-Clerk (Rae) is represented as referring to “the genteel inhabitants of Fisherrow and Musselburgh and Inveresk, and likewise Newbigging,” and to “Commissioner Cardonnald, a gentleman whom I knew very well at one time, and had a great respect for; he is dead many years ago.” He died 17th November 1780, aged eighty-four; he sat along with Mr. Alexander Legrand from 1747 to 1763; the Board was joined in 1777 by the renowned Adam Smith; Mr. Cardonnel was the senior commissioner on and after 2d December 1758. His son was an accomplished gentleman of literary, artistic, and antiquarian tastes, and reverted to the Huguenot name; he was Adam Mansfeldt de Cardonnel, member of the Antiquarian Society of Edinburgh. As Adam de Cardonnel, he published two volumes of interesting engravings and etchings, with explanatory letterpress, namely, Numismata Scotiae (in 1786) and “Picturesque Antiquities of Scotland” (in 1788). His friend, Mr. Lawson, of Chirton and Cramlington, in Northumberland, inserted his name in a deed of entail of those estates. Mr. Adam de Cardonnel eventually succeeded to them, and assumed the additional name of Lawson. His eldest son, Mansfeldt de Cardonnel Lawson, Esq., died without issue at Acton House, Northumberland, on 21st November 1838. His youngest daughter, Hannah Mary, was married on 9th February 1824 to Lieut-Colonel Joseph Edward Greaves Elmsall, of Thornhill and Woodlands, Yorkshire, whose eldest son was William De Cardonnel Elmsall of Woodlands, each child being named De Cardonnel.  

This French refugee family were of long standing in Canterbury; the true surname was Le Queux. If K was substituted for Qu, in order to guide the English to the right pronunciation, the final X ought at the same time to have been struck off; that might have prevented the intrusion of the absurd sound of CKS. The first name on record is Antoine le Keux. He came to Canterbury in or before 1585. This we infer from the fact that his three sons, the eldest of whom entered into the marriage state in 1608, were born in Canterbury.