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 of the experiment), the fear of its infection in the newly sensitive mind of the organised workers in other countries has been growing, and the Spanish tragedy has dramatised its force and quickened its spirit, so that even in England and America the dread of a socialist or communist government placed in power by “the people” is getting on the nerves of the “upper classes.” This double interplay of fears and aspirations, though taking many non-economic shapes, is manifestly an outcome of the new challenge against those wrongs of property which I here generalise under the term “improperty.”

The discontent of the workers and the dismay of many educated members of the upper classes have been sharpened by the novel intensity and duration of an unemployment which is directly traceable to the failure of the capitalist system to function with reasonable success and to the failure of its defenders to give a reasonable explanation of this failure.

The relation between the class-cleavages disclosed within each nation and the wider international issues of competing imperialisms and